A Novel Analytical Droplet Digital PCR Method for Identification and Quantification of Raw Health Food Material Powder f
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A Novel Analytical Droplet Digital PCR Method for Identification and Quantification of Raw Health Food Material Powder from Panax notoginseng Ning Yu 1 & Jianxun Han 1 & Tingting Deng 1 & Liping Chen 2 & Jiukai Zhang 1 & Ranran Xing 1 & Ping Wang 1 & Guiming Zhao 1 & Ying Chen 1 Received: 4 June 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Food adulteration often results in consumer distrust and unfair commercial competition. Traded form of raw material powder from health food is vulnerable to adulteration; therefore, an effective method for detection and qualitative analysis for powder products is necessary. This study aimed to develop, optimize, and validate an accurate identification and quantification approach based on droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) to determine Panax notoginseng (P. notoginseng) main root powder for quality control of P. notoginseng; a popular raw material for health food. Diacylglycerol kinase 1 gene, a single-copy nuclear gene was selected, and P. notoginseng-specific primers and probe were designed. An equation for determining the weight of P. notoginseng powder based on DNA copy number was established with DNA concentration as a conversion factor. The accuracy of ddPCR was demonstrated by analyzing the mixed powder samples with the known composition of P. notoginseng powder. To verify the applicability of the method, commercially available products were detected. The results indicated that the developed ddPCR assay is highly precise and suitable for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of P. notoginseng powder. Overall, this new analytical approach can be a useful tool for quality control of P. notoginseng powder. Keywords Droplet digital PCR . Quantification . Single-copy nuclear gene . Quality control . Health food . Panax notoginseng powder
Introduction Adulteration and mislabeling of food products either intentionally or not can result in economic fraud to consumers and unfair commercial competition (Böhme et al. 2019; Bojolly et al. 2017; Cheng et al. 2014). Consumers are concern more about health in recent years, which has led to increased consumption of health food products across the world (Han et al. 2014). Due to the relatively high price, high-quality raw materials for health food are sometimes intentionally substituted by cheap inferior materials.
* Ying Chen [email protected] 1
Agro-Product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100176, China
2
Technology Center of Kunming Customs District Peoples Republic of China, Kunming 650200, China
Economically motivated adulteration (EMA) of health foods is with purpose to obtain more economic benefits (Kim and Baik 2016). Traded form of raw material powder from health food is highly subjected to substitution with inferior substances. However, it has been difficult to distinguish adulterations from appearance and senses since the powder product has lost the origin shape characteristics. An accurate determination method fo
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