A Novel Paper-Based Capacitance Mast Cell Sensor for Evaluating Peanut Allergen Protein Ara h 2
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A Novel Paper-Based Capacitance Mast Cell Sensor for Evaluating Peanut Allergen Protein Ara h 2 Donglei Jiang 1 & Hui Jiang 2 & Lifeng Wang 1 Received: 23 December 2019 / Accepted: 10 May 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract A novel paper-based capacitance mast cell sensor has been designed and developed for real-time monitoring of the major peanut allergen Ara h 2. In this study, we created the 3D paper chip printed with carbon electrodes as a non-contact capacitance sensing platform. To improve the conductivity and biocompatibility of the cellulose paper, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAP) composite hydrogel (PGHAP gel) was employed to fabricate the prepared paper chip. When rat basophilic leukemia mast cells (RBL-2H3) are immobilized and cultured in the 3D culture system consisting of PGHAP gel and paper fibers, identification signals of Ara h 2 could be specifically monitored non-contact and real-time by capacitance change measurement. This 3D structure combined with time-lapse monitoring completes the capacitance cell sensor. Results indicate that Ara h 2 has given a remarkable decrease to the capacitance in dose-dependent range from 0.1 to 100 ng/mL. Therefore, the real-time cell allergic response could be accurately monitored by this low-cost, disposable cell sensor, which supplies a novel and effective pathway for the rapid and accurate evaluation for food allergens. Keywords Capacitance monitoring . Peanut Ara h 2 . RBL-2H3 mast cell . Cell-based paper sensor
Introduction Food allergy produces a serious threat to people’s health, affecting up to 5% of the population (Renz et al. 2018). The prevalent use of peanuts in the food processing has turned peanut allergy a serious health problem and often brings severe, widespread, and continuous effects on patients (Almuhsen et al. 2008; Chang et al. 2013). In most people with peanut allergies, serum IgE revealed that the peanut proteins Ara h 1 and h 2 are the major allergens (Kim et al. 2016; Maleki et al. 2000). Peanut Ara h 2 is a 17.5 kDa albumin protein, possesses around 10% of the total peanut protein, and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-020-01769-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Lifeng Wang [email protected]; [email protected] 1
College of Food Science and Engineering/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Key Laboratory of Grains and Oils Quality Control and Processing, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, People’s Republic of China
2
Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, People’s Republic of China
has been confirmed as the most dangerous peanut allergen, as well as the best predictor of a severe allergic response (Peng et al. 2015). There are no known cures for peanut allergies, and no effective treatment is workable to relieve this severe all
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