A Wearable Automated System to Quantify Parkinsonian Symptoms Enabling Closed Loop Deep Brain Stimulation
This study presents (1) the design and validation of a wearable sensor suite for the unobtrusive capture of heterogeneous signals indicative of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease; tremor, bradykinesia and muscle rigidity in upper extremity moveme
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Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK [email protected] Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 3 Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
Abstract. This study presents (1) the design and validation of a wearable sensor suite for the unobtrusive capture of heterogeneous signals indicative of the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease; tremor, bradykinesia and muscle rigidity in upper extremity movement and (2) a model to characterise these signals as they relate to the symptom severity as addressed by the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The sensor suite and detection algorithms managed to distinguish between the non-mimicked and mimicked MDS-UPDRS tests on healthy subjects (p ≤ 0.15), for all the primary symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Future trials will be conducted on Parkinsonian subjects receiving deep brain stimulation (DBS) therapy. Quantifying symptom severity and correlating severity ratings with DBS treatment will be an important step to fully automate DBS therapy. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease therapy device Parkinson’s disease symptoms · Rigidity model
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Introduction
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive disease that presents the gradual loss of both motor and non-motor functions. The primary motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease have been the main topics of research for a considerable amount of time and consist of tremor, bradykinesia and muscle rigidity. There is currently no cure but treatment can be administered in the form of oral medication or deep brain stimulation (DBS) during therapy sessions. The Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) is an internationally recognised scale used by clinicians to evaluate and monitor PD-related disabilities and impairment through interview and observation. Part III of the MDS-UPDRS evaluates and scores the severity of the primary motor symptoms of the patient. c Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 L. Alboul et al. (Eds.): TAROS 2016, LNAI 9716, pp. 8–19, 2016. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40379-3 2
A Wearable Automated System to Quantify Parkinsonian Symptoms
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To the author’s knowledge, there has been no attempt to correlate quantifiable data of primary symptoms to these DBS parameters, i.e. automating DBS therapy. The sensor suite described in this study will look to eventually correlate the symptom severity to DBS parameters. As an initial step, this study focuses on the validation of the sensor suite on healthy subjects. The system also has the potential to be used in conjunction with Parkinson’s disease rehabilitation robots. By providing an objective and quantifiable rating for each symptom, the robot can then conduct an improved and custom procedure for more efficient rehabilitation. The proposed experiment in this study will be conducted on healthy subjects who will undergo symptom severity tests without mimick
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