Absorption of Sulfur Dioxide in a Transversal Flow Hollow Fiber Membrane Contactor
This paper reports the absorption of SO2 in a transversal flow hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) using water at 27 °C. Experimental results show that gas and liquid flow rates can be regulated independently without causing operational failures in the
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Abstract
This paper reports the absorption of SO2 in a transversal flow hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC) using water at 27 °C. Experimental results show that gas and liquid flow rates can be regulated independently without causing operational failures in the HFMC. High SO2 removal efficiencies could be achieved at water flow rates from 194 and 463 mL min−1, gas flow rates between 8276 and 18073 mL min−1, and the inlet SO2 concentration of 2000 ppm. The SO2 removal efficiency increased with increasing liquid flow rate and decreasing gas flow rate. The overall volumetric gas phase mass transfer coefficient ðKG aÞ of the HFMC is in the range of 103 mol s1 m3 Pa1 . It is higher than that of conventional wet SO2 scrubbers although water is used in HFMC while effective alkaline absorbents are used in the compared reactors. It indicates that the HFMC is superior in SO2 absorption over conventional absorbers. Keywords
Hollow fiber membrane contactor
SO2
Absorption
Transversal flow
Nomenclature
a C, [] A D E H K k1 KG kG a KGa
Specific interfacial area, m−1 Concentration, mol m−3 Interfacial area, m2 Diffusivity, m2 s−1 Enhancement factor Henry’s law constant, m3 Pa mol−1 Equilibrium constant of Reaction 7, mol m−3 First order rate constant of Reaction 7, s−1 Overall gas phase mass transfer coefficient, mol∙ s−1 m−2 Pa−1 Volumetric gas phase mass transfer coefficient, mol∙ s−1 m−3 Pa−1 Overall volumetric gas phase mass transfer coefficient, mol∙ s−1 m−3 Pa−1
H. Yu J. Thé Lakes Environmental Research Inc., Waterloo, ON N2V 2A9, Canada H. Yu J. Thé Z. Tan (&) Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada e-mail: [email protected] Q. Li Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijng 100084, People’s Republic of China © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore and Tsinghua University Press 2016 G. Yue and S. Li (eds.), Clean Coal Technology and Sustainable Development, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2023-0_53
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Volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient, s−1 Pressure, Pa Universal gas constant, m3 Pa K−1 mol−1 Temperature, °C or K Volume, m3 Volumetric concentration of SO2 in the gas phase, ppmv
kLa P R T V y
Greek Letters
ΔP η
Pressure driving force, Pa SO2 removal efficiency
Subscripts
G in L lm out, o T
Gas Inlet Liquid Logarithmic mean Outlet Total
Abbreviations
DI FGD HFMC L/G SO2
1
Deionized Flue gas desulfurization Hollow fiber membrane contactor Liquid-to-gas ratio Sulfur dioxide
Introduction
SO2 emissions stemming from the consumption of fossil fuel have caused negative impacts on public health and the environment such as respiratory diseases and acid rain, respectively [1, 2]. Thermal power plants contribute most to the SO2 emissions. The electricity generation sectors in China and in the United States emitted 7970 and 3704 thousand metric tons of SO2, respectively, in 2012 [3,
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