Adaptation to Altitude-Hypoxia in Vertebrates
Adaptation to altitude hypoxia is characterized by a variety offunctional changes which collectively facilitate oxygen trans port from the ambient medium to the cells of the body. All of these changes can be seen at one time or another in the course of h
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Volume 16
Coordinating Editor: D. S. Farner Editors: B.Heinrich K.lohansen H.Langer G. Neuweiler D.l.Randall
Pierre Bouverot
Adaptation to Altitude-Hypoxia in Vertebrates Chapter 6 Written in Collaboration with C. Leray
With 43 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo 1985
Prof. PIERRE BOUVEROT Laboratoire de Physiologie Respiratoire associe Ii l'Universite Louis Pasteur Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 23, rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg
ISBN-13:978-3-642-82318-3 DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-82316-9
e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-82316-9
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Bouverot, P. (Pierre), 1924Adaptation to altitude·hypoxia in vertebrates. (Zoophsiology; v. 16) Bibliography: p. Includes index. I. Altitude, Influence of. 2. Anoxemia. 3. Adaptation (Physiology). 4. Vertebrates - Physiology. I. Title. II. Series. QP82.2.A4B68 1985 596'.0191 84-14131 ISBN-13:978-3-642-82318-3 (U.S.) This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically those of translation, reprinting, re-use of illustrations, broadcasting, reproduction by photocopying machine or similar means, and storage in data banks. Under § 54 of the German Copyright Law, where copies are made for other than private use, a fee is payable to "Verwertungsgesellschaft Wort", Munich.
© by Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1985 Softcover reprint of the hardcover I st edition 1985 The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. 2131/3130-543210
Preface
Adaptation to altitude hypoxia is characterized by a variety offunctional changes which collectively facilitate oxygen transport from the ambient medium to the cells of the body. All of these changes can be seen at one time or another in the course of hypoxic exposure. Yet, as already stressed (Hannon and Vogel, 1977), an examination of the literature gives only a sketchy and often conflicting picture of the exact nature of these changes and how they interact as a function of exposure duration. This is partly because of the limited number of variables explored in a given study, but it is also attributable to differences in experimental design, differences among species in susceptibility to hypoxia, nonstandardized experimental conditions, lack of proper control of physical (e.g., temperature) and physiological variables (e.g., body mass), failure to take measurements at key periods of exposure, and gaps in knowledge about some fundamental mechanisms. Furthermore the available data on animals native to high altitude are meager and/or inconclusive. Extensive further work under well-controlled experimental conditions is required before a detailed picture can be made. Nevertheless, it has been a guiding principle in the preparation of this monograph rather to summarize the vastly dispersed material that constitute
