Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells from Large Animal Models: from Basic to Applied Science
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Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells from Large Animal Models: from Basic to Applied Science Joanna Bukowska 1 & Anna Zuzanna Szóstek-Mioduchowska 1 & Marta Kopcewicz 1 & Katarzyna Walendzik 1 & Sylwia Machcińska 1 & Barbara Gawrońska-Kozak 1 Accepted: 25 September 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) isolated from domestic animals fulfill the qualitative criteria of mesenchymal stem cells, including the capacity to differentiate along multiple lineage pathways and to self-renew, as well as immunomodulatory capacities. Recent findings on human diseases derived from studying large animal models, have provided evidence that administration of autologous or allogenic ASCs can improve the process of healing. In a narrow group of large animals used in bioresearch studies, pigs and horses have been shown to be the best suited models for study of the wound healing process, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disorders. To this end, current literature demonstrates that ASC-based therapies bring considerable benefits to animal health in both spontaneously occurring and experimentally induced clinical cases. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the diversity, isolation, and characterization of ASCs from livestock. Particular attention has been paid to the functional characteristics of the cells that facilitate their therapeutic application in large animal models of human disease. In this regard, we describe outcomes of ASCs utilization in translational research with pig and horse models of disease. Furthermore, we evaluate the current status of ASC-based therapy in veterinary practice, particularly in the rapidly developing field of equine regenerative medicine. In conclusion, this review presents arguments that support the relevance of animal ASCs in the field of regenerative medicine and it provides insights into the future perspectives of ASC utilization in animal husbandry. Keywords Adipose-derived stem cells . Livestock animals . Animal models . Therapeutic application
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from a large variety of tissue sources, among which bone marrow * Joanna Bukowska [email protected] Anna Zuzanna Szóstek-Mioduchowska [email protected] Marta Kopcewicz [email protected] Katarzyna Walendzik [email protected] Sylwia Machcińska [email protected] Barbara Gawrońska-Kozak [email protected] 1
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), first identified in 1968 by Friedenstein et al. [1], have been the most extensively investigated. However, due to the limitations related to BMSC procurement, mostly reflected by the high risk of morbidity associated with the bone marrow aspiration procedure and the critically low yield of isolated MSCs (0.001%–0.01% of the harvested bone marrow cells), there has been a growing need to explore an alternative source of MSCs [2]. Discovery/ appreci
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