African Urban Harvest Agriculture in the Cities of Cameroon, Kenya a
Over the past two decades, how has urban agriculture changed in sub-Saharan Africa? Is city farming now better integrated into environmental management and city governance? And, looking ahead, how might urban agriculture address the needs of the low-incom
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Gordon Prain · Nancy Karanja · Diana Lee-Smith Editors
African Urban Harvest Agriculture in the Cities of Cameroon, Kenya and Uganda
123 International Development Research Centre Ottawa • Cairo • Dakar • Montevideo • Nairobi • New Delhi • Singapore
Editors Gordon Prain Urban Harvest, CIP Av. La Molina 1895 La Molina, Lima Peru [email protected]
Nancy Karanja Urban Harvest, CIP Nairobi ILRI Campus Kenya [email protected]
Diana Lee-Smith Mazingira Institute Box 14550 00800 Nairobi Kenya [email protected] A copublication with the International Development Research Centre P.O. Box 8500 Ottawa, ON, Canada K1G 3H9 [email protected] / www.idrc.ca e-ISBN 978-1-55250-492-5 and International Potato Center (CIP) Avenida La Molina, 1895 P.O. Box 1558 La Molina, Lima, Peru
ISBN 978-1-4419-6249-2 (hardcover) e-ISBN 978-1-4419-6250-8 ISBN 978-1-4419-6571-4 (softcover) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6250-8 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London Library of Congress Control Number: 2010932400 © International Potato Center (CIP), 2010 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights. Cover illustration: Urban Harvest Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Jac Smit – In Memoriam This book is dedicated to the memory of Jac Smit (1929–2009), who devoted his life and energy to the subject discussed in these pages (www.jacsmit.com). Jac helped bring the crucial role that urban agriculture plays in African cities to world attention in the early 1990s through his writings and tireless advocacy work.
Foreword
Within less than a generation a majority of Africans will live in urban areas. As the pace of urban growth outstrips job creation and the capacity of most governments to provide essential infrastructure, the face of African poverty is being transformed from what was once considered a primarily rural phenomenon to one including tens of millions of unemployed and underemployed living at the margins of the formal urban economy. Indeed, research has shown that the depths of income poverty, health risks and food insecurity in the informal settlements of some African cities are often worse than in stressed rural communities. Urban agriculture is uniquely well positioned to respond to these challenges. Ironically, despite increasingly integrated global food systems, local production in urban and peri-
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