An Investigation into the Extraction Behavior of Copper from Sulfate Leach Liquor Using Acorga M5640 Extractant: Mechani
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An Investigation into the Extraction Behavior of Copper from Sulfate Leach Liquor Using Acorga M5640 Extractant: Mechanism, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamics Isa Nozari 1 & Asghar Azizi 1 Received: 6 April 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 # Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc. 2020
Abstract The extraction of copper from sulfate leaching liquor was investigated using Acorga M5640 commercial extractant in kerosene diluent. The effects of important factors such as the extractant concentration, contact time, liquor pH, and temperature were examined on the separation factor Cu/Fe and the extraction efficiency of copper. The results indicated that nearly 92.32% copper was extracted from the leach liquor at 10% (v/v) Acorga M5640 concentration, 1:1 aqueous/organic phase ratio, 20 min contact time, pH 2.5, and 25 °C temperature. Also, the further increase in the values determined had no positive impact on the extraction of copper. Under these conditions, the separation factor Cu/Fe was obtained about 29.64. The extraction mechanism was studied applying the plot of log(D) – 2 pH against log [extractant] and it proved the association of two moles of Acorga M5640 for the extraction of one mole of copper. McCabe–Thiele diagram was constructed and a single-step extraction process was found to obtain the maximum extraction. Additionally, thermodynamic data were investigated and the extraction process was endothermic and non-spontaneous at 298 K (ΔH = 27.05 and ΔG = 15.52 kJ mol−1). Moreover, the loaded organic phase was stripped and 80.94% copper was recovered after 20 min using 10% sulfuric acid concentration. Keywords Efficiency . Separation factor . Solvent extraction . Acorga M5640 . Thermodynamics
1 Introduction Copper is one of the most significant non-ferrous metals utilized in the industry, which plays a fundamental role in different commercial and industrial field. This metal has drastically received increasing attention in recent years owing to the technological important applications and accordingly its quality (high-purity copper) has become an important criterion for proper marketing [1–6]. It has been known that the hydrometallurgical methods are one of significant technologies used in the metal recovery industry due to relatively low cost, environment-friendly nature, and technical impacts. Hydrometallurgical processes mainly consist of leaching followed by concentration-purification process of metal from the leach liquor and the precipitation of metal as the final product [7–9]. It is also found that more than
* Asghar Azizi [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Faculty of Mining, Petroleum and Geophysics, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
20% of the world’s total copper is produced by these processes [9]. Solvent extraction process is one of the used conventional methods and the high-efficiency techniques used to separate and purify the metals from the leach liquor, which is widely applied in the hydrometallurgical plants [10–15]. Generally, this process comprises the e
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