Analysis of the Influence of Blaine Numbers and Firing Temperature on Iron Ore Pellets Properties Using RSM-I-Optimal De
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Analysis of the Influence of Blaine Numbers and Firing Temperature on Iron Ore Pellets Properties Using RSM-I-Optimal Design: An Approach Toward Suitability Rakesh Prasad 1 & R. Venugopal 1 & L. A. Kumaraswamidhas 2 & Chandan Pandey 3 & S. K. Pan 4 Received: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 27 July 2020 / Published online: 18 August 2020 # Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc. 2020
Abstract Cold compressive strength (CCS) and apparent porosity (AP) of pellets are essential properties regarding the burden of blast furnaces. The optimal required values for industries are 2.5 KN CCS and 21% AP. Blaine fineness and firing temperature are the decisive parameters analyzed here. During firing, microstructure phases such as silicate, hematite, and pore are formed. The phase’s grain density during induration influences the pellet’s CCS and AP. The influence of the factors over the response is evaluated by I-optimal (response surface methodology) design. Blaine fineness, firing temperature, pore phase grain density (PPGD), silicate phase grain density (SPGD), and hematite phase grain density (HPGD) affect the CCS and AP of pellets. The RSM-I-optimal predicted responses with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.89 for CCS and 0.91 for AP of iron ore pellets. Optimal conditions were Blaine no. = 1668 cm2/g, 1250 °C firing temperature, PPGD value 90 no/mm2, SPGD value 250 no/ mm2, and HPGD value 490 no/mm2, with 4.5 KN CCS 27%. The induration processes were investigated through statistical design of experiments for process optimization. Statistical analysis indicated the direct and interactive influence over CCS and AP. In this study, RSM-I-optimal modeling is used for iron ore pellets processing. The I-optimal prediction could be applied to make the process economical because information is obtained through fewer experiments. Keywords Iron ore pellets . CCS . Apparent porosity . Microstructure . I-optimal design
1 Introduction With continuous exploration of ore mines, the quantity of highgrade lump iron ore has dwindled. During the ore’s processing, the generation of ore fines from lump is also an issue. However, this method is imperative to utilize low-grade ore fines to produce feedstock for the blast furnace. The agglomerate should have optimum physical and physico chemical characteristics for effective and economical blast furnace operations [1].
* Chandan Pandey [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Fuel, Minerals and Metallurgical Engineeringt, IIT (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
2
Mining and Machinery Engineering Department IIT (ISM) , Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
3
Mechanical Engineering Department, IIT Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India
4
Research & Development Centre for Iron & Steel (RDCIS) SAIL, Ranchi, Jharkhand 834002, India
Therefore, it is important to select optimum Blaine fineness for production of good quality pellets. Coarser Blaine number does not impart strength and swelling at higher temperature. While finer Blaine offers strength, it decreases reducibilit
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