Anti-inflammatory effect of Ganluyin, a Chinese classic prescription, in chronic pharyngitis rat model
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(2020) 20:265
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Anti-inflammatory effect of Ganluyin, a Chinese classic prescription, in chronic pharyngitis rat model Ye-Hui Chen1†, Rong Luo1†, Shan-Shan Lei1, Bing Li1, Fu-Chen Zhou1, Hui-Ying Wang1, Xue Chen1, Xinglishang He1, Yu-Zhi Wang1, Liang-Hui Zhan1, Ting-Ting Lu1, Jie Su2, Qiao-Xian Yu3, Bo Li1*, Gui-Yuan Lv2* and Su-Hong Chen1*
Abstract Background: Ganluyin (GLY) is a famous classical prescription with a long history of use as a treatment for inflammatory conditions such as chronic pharyngitis (CP) in many parts of China. However, it has not been developed as a modern pharmaceutic and its anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy of GLY and potential mechanisms in a rat model of CP. Methods: The chemical profile of GLY was analyzed by HPLC-UV. We used a mouse model of ear edema and a rat model of paw edema. Specifically, xylene was used to induce edema on the surface of one ear in mice, and carrageenan was injected subcutaneously into the right hind paws of rats to induce paw edema. The paw thickness, ear weight, and ear perfusion were measured and recorded. The CP model in rats was induced by irritating the throat with 5% ammonia and was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of GLY. Levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were measured by ELISA in serum, and protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65) in the throat were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot to evaluate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of GLY. Hematological assays were also conducted. Results: There were four flavonoids identified in GLY: naringin, neohesperidin, baicalin, and wogonoside. The oral administration of GLY showed a significant inhibitory effect on xylene-induced ear swelling and ear blood flow in mice and significantly ameliorated rat right hind paw edema at doses of 6.2 and 12.4 g/kg. Mechanistic studies found that the anti-inflammatory activity of GLY was related to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and PGE2 and that GLY reduced the expression of COX-2 and NF-κB p65 proteins in the throat, attenuated throat injury, and reduced inflammatory exudates. Hematological analysis showed that treatment with GLY prevented increases in white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEUT), lymphocyte (LYMPH) and monocyte (MONO) levels. (Continued on next page)
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] † Ye-Hui Chen and Rong Luo contributed equally to this work. 1 Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, People’s Republic of China 2 Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Common
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