Appraisal of tissue compartmentalized metal(loid) uptake by rice
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Appraisal of tissue compartmentalized metal(loid) uptake by rice Vinod Kumar 1 & Shevita Pandita 2 & Sonia Mahey 3 & Rakesh Kumar 4 Received: 14 August 2020 / Accepted: 1 November 2020 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2020
Abstract Numerous physical and chemical approaches are existing for metal elimination from the soil; nonetheless, phytoremediation is regarded as one of the paramount effective and cost-friendly approach. However, ample work has been done all over the world to appraise phytoremediation capability of plants in controlled conditions; only limited studies are existing on metal uptake abilities of plants cultivated under natural conditions. So, the present work estimates the phytoremediation potential of rice, imperative food crop cultivated in agricultural soils of Punjab with key objective to appraise the accretion and transport of metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Cr, Cd, Ni, As and Pb) in roots, stems and leaves. Data was analysed by using Pearson’s correlation analysis and heatmap analysis. Correlation analysis exhibited strong relationship among metals in soil and different tissues of rice. pH, soil organic carbon and phosphorus showed significant correlation with studied metal(loid)s in the soils affecting their availability and retention. In soil, highest and lowest concentrations of Zn and Pb were found for different sites, respectively. In rice among all the metals, Ni was found maximum in roots and stems, while Zn content was recorded maximum in leaves. The results of bioaccumulation factor and translocation factor were obtained above one for Zn, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb, signifying the phytoremediation potential of rice in natural conditions. Keywords Bioaccumulation factor . Heatmap analysis . Rice . Soil . Translocation factor
Introduction There is a growing apprehension concerning food safety due to environmental pollution (Kumar et al. 2017, 2019a), in which soil polluted with anthropogenic metalloids discharged from agronomic, industrial and urban aspects (Dogra et al. 2020; Moghtaderi et al. 2020). The soil pollution with metalloids is of worldwide issue due to its probable influence on the environs and human health (Kumar et al. 2019b, c; Pandit et al. 2020). The agricultural land is polluted by metalloids owing to mining, fossil fuel burning, pesticide and fertilizers
Responsible Editor: Amjad Kallel * Vinod Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu 182144, India
2
Department of Botany, University of Jammu, Jammu 180006, India
3
Department of Botany, Giani Kartar Singh Memorial Government College, Tanda, Urmar 144212, India
4
Department of Botany, Doaba College, Jalandhar 144001, India
(Keshavarzi and Kumar 2019, 2020; Heidari et al. 2019). High toxicity of metalloids and their accretion leads to contamination of agricultural soils (Keshavarzi and Kumar 2020; Kumar et al. 2020). Once soil is polluted, it can influence both the growth as well as productivity of crops and also imposes perils to the human health through fo
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