Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Basic Aspects and Practical Ap

Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy is a wide-ranging review om modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and radiofrequency and microwave techniques. On the fundamental side it focuses on physical princip

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Advanced Texts in Physics This program of advanced texts covers a broad spectrum of topics which are of current and emerging interest in physics. Each book provides a comprehensive and yet accessible introduction to a field at the forefront of modern research. As such, these texts are intended for senior undergraduate and graduate students at the MS and PhD level; however, research scientists seeking an introduction to particular areas of physics will also benefit from the titles in this collection.

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Gmbh

Sune Svanberg

Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy Basic Aspects and Practical Applications

Fourth, Revised Edition With 404 Figures and 14 Tables

13

Professor Sune Svanberg Department of Physics Lund Institute of Technology P.O. Box 118 221 00 Lund Sweden E-mail: [email protected]

ISSN 1439-2674 ISBN 978-3-540-20382-7

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Svanberg, S. (Sune), 1943Atomic and molecular spectroscopy: basic aspects and practical applications/ Sune Svanberg. – 4th, rev. ed. p. cm. – (Advanced texts in physics, ISSN 1439-2674) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-3-540-20382-7 ISBN 978-3-642-18520-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-642-18520-5 1. Atomic spectroscopy. 2. Molecular spectroscopy. I. Title. II. Series. QC454.A8S85 2004 539’.6’0287 – dc22 2003063954 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law.

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SPIN 10963869

57/3141/di

543210

To Katarina, Emilie, Kristina, my Mother and the memory of my Father

Preface

The present book – Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy – Basic Aspects and Practical Applications – has been developed over a long time. The Third Edition, which appeared in 2001, was fully revised and updated to the state of the field at that time. The book appeared in hard cover well suited for individual and library use. However, the book is basically a text, also well suited as a base for a course on the topic. A l