Binary Role of Heat Shock Proteins in Cancer Immunotherapy: A Detailed Perspective
Introduction It is a well-accepted fact that Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) have immuno-stimulatory roles. HSP can act as self-antigens or as either adjuvants or molecular chaperones in stimulating both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of HSP a
- PDF / 704,995 Bytes
- 19 Pages / 439.37 x 666.142 pts Page_size
- 52 Downloads / 221 Views
Abstract Introduction It is a well-accepted fact that Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) have immuno-stimulatory roles. HSP can act as self-antigens or as either adjuvants or molecular chaperones in stimulating both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The role of HSP as cancer vaccines is being tested with successful immunization comprising gp96, HSP 90, and HSP 70 either bound to synthetic or natural peptides. These chaperones stimulate the immune system involving antigen-presenting cells leading to activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and also lead to stimulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-12, and GM-CSF as well as C-C chemokines such as MCP-1, MIP-1, and RANTES. In this article, the authors have attempted to encapsulate in brief the alternative role played by HSP in progression and mitigation of cancer, emphasizing the later one as an attribute of their immuno-stimulatory role achieved by activation of various immune cells. Methods The articles emphasizing the HSP’ immuno-stimulatory or immunogenic roles in cancer were searched in PubMed by filtering last 20 year’s collection and reviewed systematically. Results HSP stimulate the immune system when directly used as antigens in cancer therapy; however, it reports some adverse effects as well. The most successful design of cancer vaccine has been the use of HSP as efficient immuno-adjuvants in complex form with antigens specific to the cancer type. They mediate both innate as well as adaptive immune responses, therefore are comprehensively studied for cancer immune signaling.
B. V. S. Kumar (*) · A. Gurao · R. Verma Department of Microbial and Environmental Biotechnology, College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] P. K. Gopal Department of Microbiology, Muralidhar Girls’ College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 A. A. A. Asea, P. Kaur (eds.), Heat Shock Proteins, https://doi.org/10.1007/7515_2020_34
B. V. S. Kumar et al.
Conclusions This chapter briefly reviews the recent advancements in our understanding of the dual role played by HSP in cancer immunotherapy, as an immunogen, and as an immuno-modulator. Keywords Adjuvant · Diagnosis · HSP · Immune-modulation · Immunogen · Vaccine
Abbreviations APC ATP/ADP CD CMT DAMP GM-CSF GP96/GRP94 HIF HLA HSP IFN IL-12 kDa LOX MCP-1 MHC MIP-1 PAMP PRR RA RANTES SLE TLR TME TNF TSA/TAA
antigen presenting cells adenosine triphosphate/adenosine diphosphate cluster of differentiation canine mammary tumor damage-associated molecular patterns granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor endoplasmin/glucose-regulated protein 94 hypoxia inducible factor human leukocyte antigen heat shock protein interferon interleukin-12 kilo Dalton lysyl oxidase monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 major histocompatibilty complex macrophage inflammatory protein-1 pathogen-associated molecular patterns pattern recognition receptor rheumatoid arthritis regulated on activa
Data Loading...
