Biomass Conversion The Interface of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Mat
The consumption of petroleum has surged during the 20th century, at least partially because of the rise of the automobile industry. Today, fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas provide more than three quarters of the world's energy. Unfortunatel
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Chinnappan Baskar Shikha Baskar Ranjit S. Dhillon •
Editors
Biomass Conversion The Interface of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Materials Science
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Editors Chinnappan Baskar Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology Myongji University San 38-2 Namdong, Cheoin-gu Yongin 449-728 South Korea
Ranjit S. Dhillon Department of Chemistry Punjab Agricultural University Ludhiana 141004 Punjab, India
Shikha Baskar THDC Institute of Hydropower Engineering and Technology, Tehri Uttarakhand Technical University Dehradun, Uttarakhand India
ISBN 978-3-642-28417-5 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-28418-2
ISBN 978-3-642-28418-2
(eBook)
Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012933321 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher’s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
This book is dedicated to our beloved parents Mr. S. Chinnappan & Mrs. Mariya Chinnappan and Mr. Pawan Kumar Sambher & Mrs. Sudesh Sambher
Foreword
Souring prices of petroleum, concern over secured supply beside climate change are major drivers in the search for alternative renewable energy sources. The use of biomass to produce energy is an alternative source of renewable energy that can be utilized to reduce the adverse impact of energy production on
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