Biomechanics of Implant Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone
- PDF / 445,960 Bytes
- 10 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 99 Downloads / 202 Views
BIOMECHANICS (G NIEBUR AND J WALLACE, SECTION EDITORS)
Biomechanics of Implant Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone Kyle D. Anderson 1
&
Frank C. Ko 1,2
&
Amarjit S. Virdi 1,2
&
D. Rick Sumner 1,2
&
Ryan D. Ross 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the current literature regarding implant fixation in osteoporotic bone. Recent Findings Clinical studies have not only demonstrated the growing prevalence of osteoporosis in patients undergoing total joint replacement (TJR) but may also indicate a significant gap in screening and treatment of this comorbidity. Osteoporosis negatively impacts bone in multiple ways beyond the mere loss of bone mass, including compromising skeletal regenerative capacity, architectural deterioration, and bone matrix quality, all of which could diminish implant fixation. Recent findings both in preclinical animal models and in clinical studies indicate encouraging results for the use of osteoporosis drugs to promote implant fixation. Summary Implant fixation in osteoporotic bone presents an increasing clinical challenge that may be benefitted by increased screening and usage of osteoporosis drugs. Keywords Implant . Fixation . Osteoporosis . Total joint replacement
Introduction Total joint replacement (TJR) surgery is an increasingly common procedure in the USA. In 2010, it was estimated that a total of 2.5 million Americans were living with total hip replacements (THR) with another 4.7 million Americans living with total knee replacements (TKR) [1]. The number of patients with TJRs is expected to increase considerably, as recent estimates project the number of annual THR and TKR surgeries performed in the USA to grow to 635,000 and 1.26 million, respectively, by the year 2030 [2]. Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease associated with low bone mass and poor bone quality that increases the risk for fragility fractures (reviewed in detail here [3]). Clinically, osteoporosis is defined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures of bone mineral density (BMD). A This article is part of the Topical Collection on Biomechanics * Ryan D. Ross [email protected] 1
Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
2
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
BMD of 2.5 standard deviations or more below the mean for a healthy 30-year-old adult is defined as osteoporosis and between 1 and 2.5 standard deviations below is defined as osteopenia, or a state of low bone mass that is less severe than osteoporosis. The total number of people with osteoporosis in the USA was estimated at 10.2 million in the year 2010, with an additional 43.4 million being classified as osteopenic [4]. Current models project the combined prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia to increase to over 70 million by 2030 [4]. Although a growing number of patients less than 65 years of age are receiving TJR
Data Loading...
