CBF-responsive pathway and phytohormones are involved in melatonin-improved photosynthesis and redox homeostasis under a
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
CBF‑responsive pathway and phytohormones are involved in melatonin‑improved photosynthesis and redox homeostasis under aerial cold stress in watermelon Jingjing Chang1 · Yanliang Guo1 · Zixing Zhang1 · Chunhua Wei1 · Yong Zhang1 · Jianxiang Ma1 · Jianqiang Yang1 · Xian Zhang1 · Hao Li1 Received: 17 August 2019 / Revised: 8 September 2020 / Accepted: 24 September 2020 © Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków 2020
Abstract Due to the insulation provided by soil, plant shoots always suffer cold stress prior to roots when ambient temperatures fall rapidly. Melatonin can enhance cold tolerance of shoots via systemic signaling from roots; however, the underlying mechanisms driving the process remain unclear. This study reports that root-pretreatment with 1.5 μM melatonin alleviated aerial cold-induced inhibition of photosystem II and oxidative stress. The fortification of the photosystem by melatonin was accompanied by increased thermal dissipation, while the melatonin-induced alleviation of oxidative stress was attributed to the improved efficiency of the ascorbate–glutathione cycle under aerial cold stress. Melatonin significantly upregulated the expressions of C-repeat binding factor 1 (CBF1), inducer of CBF expressions 1, and four cold-responsive genes after aerial cold stress. It suggests that melatonin-promoted cold tolerance might be related to the CBF-responsive pathway, which plays an important role in improving photosynthesis and redox homeostasis. Additionally, rhizospheric melatonin application increased both jasmonic acid (JA) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels but decreased abscisic acid (ABA) levels in leaves by regulating biosynthetic or catabolic genes under aerial cold stress. Thus, melatonin might function synergistically with JA and IAA, while antagonistically with ABA in regulating the responses of plants to cold stress. These results suggest the involvement of both CBF-responsive pathway and phytohormones in melatonin-mediated systemic tolerance against cold stress. Keywords CBF-responsive pathway · Cold stress · Melatonin · Phytohormone · Redox homeostasis · Watermelon
Introduction As a consequence of their nonmotile life form, plants have to tolerate numerous biotic and abiotic stresses. Cold stress is one of the major environmental menaces that leads to an
Communicated by V. P. Singh. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-020-03147-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xian Zhang [email protected] * Hao Li [email protected] 1
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
inhibition of growth and development in plants by limiting vital physiological processes (Yadav 2010). In general, due to soil insulation, shoots as the aboveground parts of plants suffer cold stress prior to roots when ambient temperatures fall rapid
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