Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Vitis vinifera and Its Interaction in vitro with Entomopathogenic Fung
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OIL BIOLOGY
Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Vitis vinifera and Its Interaction in vitro with Entomopathogenic Fungi V. Ordóñez-Beltrána, N. Orduño-Cruza, C. Ríos-Velascob, J. L. Jacobo-Cuellara, C. Hernández-Domínguezc, and C. H. Acosta-Muñizb, * aUniversidad
Autónoma de Chihuahua, Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Santo Niño, Chihuahua, Chih., C.P. 31110 México b Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Campus Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, Cuauhtémoc, Chihuahua, C.P. 31570 México c Facultad de Ingeniería Agrohidráulica, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, San Juan Acateno, Teziutlan Puebla, México *e-mail: [email protected] Received December 4, 2019; revised April 30, 2020; accepted May 12, 2020
Abstract—The rhizosphere is a zone of unique and dynamic interactions between plant roots and soil microorganisms, which can influence the nutrition and stress tolerance of the plant. Among the microorganisms that colonize the roots of plants, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and algae can be found; within these, we can find growth promoting rhizobacteria and entomopathogenic fungi. Although there are studies of these groups of microorganisms that co-inhabit the rhizosphere, showing that the interaction of entomopathogenic fungi along with growth promoting rhizobacteria, when used combined, can provide greater protection to the plants. Nonetheless, these interactions have not been studied in depth. Thus, the objective of this study was the characterization of rhizobacteria and the evaluation of the antagonism in vitro with entomopathogenic fungi. In our study, bacteria native to the rhizosphere of Vitis vinifera were isolated and characterized in vitro, in order to determine their potential to promote plant growth; in addition, in vitro antagonism was determined with entomopathogenic fungi isolated from the same site. Some strains showed potential to promote plant growth, standing out Chryseobacterium sp., especially for its potential to fix atmospheric nitrogen, siderophores and indolacetic acid production. On the other hand, no antagonism was shown between bacterial strains; however, when confronted with entomopathogenic fungi, inhibition of area growth of Beauveria pseudobassiana was observed by most bacteria, while in Metarhizium anisopliae, only by Bacillus solani (CB1) and Pseudomonas montelii (CP1). Keywords: antagonism, characterization, entomopathogenic fungi, growth promoting rhizobacteria, rhizosphere DOI: 10.1134/S1064229320100130
INTRODUCTION The rhizosphere is considered one of the most complex ecosystems, with greater populations and higher diversity of microorganisms [46], as bacteria, fungi, nematodes, protozoa, algae, archaea and arthropods [20], that interact with each other and with the plants [24]. The latter are associated with a great diversity of microorganisms, especially with growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) of the genres Rhizobium, Bacillus, Azospirillum, Pseudomonas and Streptomyces [24]. These act throughout the nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization
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