Citizenship and Immigrant Incorporation Comparative Perspectives on

The contributions in this volume consider the question of migrant agency, how Western societies are both transforming migrants, and being transformed by them. It is informed by debates on the new 'transnational mobility', the immigration of Muslims, the i

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Citizenship and Immigrant Incorporation Comparative Perspectives on North America and Western Europe

Edited by Gökçe Yurdakul and Y. Michal Bodemann

CITIZENSHIP AND IMMIGRANT INCORPORATION

Copyright © Gökçe Yurdakul and Y. Michal Bodemann, 2007. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2007 978-0-230-60013-3 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews. First published in 2007 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™ 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS Companies and representatives throughout the world. PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-60259-9 ISBN 978-1-137-07379-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-07379-2 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Citizenship and immigrant incorporation : comparative perspectives on North America and Western Europe / editors, Gökçe Yurdakul and Y. Michal Bodemann. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Citizenship. 2. Immigrants. 3. Social integration. I. Yurdakul, Gökçe. II. Bodemann, Y. Michal, 1944– JF801.C5685 2007 323.6094––dc22

2007006268

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: October 2007 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

Contents

List of Illustrations

vii

Acknowledgments

ix

Notes on the Contributors

xi

Foreword: The Integration Challenge Cem Özdemir Introduction: Between Universalism and the Recognition of Otherness Y. Michal Bodemann

xiii

1

Part I The Changing Nature of Migration in North America and Western Europe One

Two

The Changing Nature of Migration in the Twenty-First Century: Implications for Integration Strategies Aristide R. Zolberg

17

The Economic Adaptation of Past and Present Immigrants: Lessons from a Comparative-Historical Approach Ewa Morawska

29

Three Citizenship and Pluralism: Multiculturalism in a World of Global Migration Irene Bloemraad

57

Part II Diaspora, Religion, and Counter-Traditions Four

Five

Islam and Multicultural Societies: A Transatlantic Comparison Jocelyne Cesari The Changing Contours of the Immigrant Religious Life Peggy Levitt

75 99

vi / contents

Six

Crafting an Identity in the Diaspora: Iranian Immigrants in the United States Valentine M. Moghadam

123

Part III Nation-State, Transnational Migration and Immigrant Workers Seven

Eight

Nine

Nation-State Building Projects and the Politics of Transnational Migration: Locating Salvadorans in Canada, the United States, and El Salvador Patricia Landolt

141

Freedom to Discriminate: A National State Sovereignty and Temporary Migrant Workers in Canada