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CERC Studies in Comparative Education

For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5731

CERC Studies in Comparative Education 24

INEQUALITY IN EDUCATION Comparative and International Perspectives

Edited by Donald B. Holsinger & W. James Jacob

Comparative Education Research Centre The University of Hong Kong

SERIES EDITOR Mark Mason Professor, The Hong Kong Institute of Education Honorary Professor, The University of Hong Kong FOUNDING EDITOR (AND CURRENTLY ASSOCIATE EDITOR) Mark Bray Director, International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP) UNESCO, Paris ASSOCIATE EDITOR Yang Rui Director, Comparative Education Research Centre The University of Hong Kong PRODUCTION EDITOR Emily Mang Comparative Education Research Centre The University of Hong Kong INTERNATIONAL EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Robert Arnove, Indiana University, USA Beatrice Avalos, Santiago, Chile Nina Borevskaya, Institute of Far Eastern Studies, Moscow, Russia Michael Crossley, University of Bristol, United Kingdom Gui Qin, Capital Normal University, China Gita Steiner-Khamsi, Teachers College, Columbia University, USA Comparative Education Research Centre Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China © Comparative Education Research Centre First published 2008 ISBN 978- 90- 481- 265 1- 4

e- ISBN 978- 90- 481- 265 2- 1

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. Cover The image on the front cover is a water colour painting by artist Natalie Jacob, titled The Delicate Balance of Education Equality.

Contents List of Tables

viii

List of Figures

xiv

List of Acronyms

xvii

Series Editor’s Foreword

xxiii

Introduction 1. Inequality in Education: A Critical Analysis W. James JACOB & Donald B. HOLSINGER

1 1

Part I – Conceptual Issues 2. Distribution of Opportunities Key to Development Vinod THOMAS & WANG Yan

34 34

3. Does Capitalism Inevitably Increase Inequality? David HILL, Nigel M. GREAVES & Alpesh MAISURIA

59

4. Education and Inequality in the Developing World WU Kin Bing

86

5. Gender Inequalities in Educational Participation Karen E. HYER, Bonnie BALLIF-SPANVILL, Susan J. PETERS, Yodit SOLOMON, Heather THOMAS & Carol WARD

128

6. Inequalities in Education for People with Disabilities Susan J. PETERS

149

7. Language and Democracy in Africa Birgit BROCK-UTNE

172

Part II – Asia 8. Reconstructing Access in the Cambodian Education System John M. COLLINS

190 190

9. Higher Education in China: Access, Equity and Equality John N. HAWKINS, W. James JACOB & LI Wenli

215

10. Using Enrollment and Attainment in Formal Education to Understand the Case of India Mary Ann MASLAK

240

v

11. Education Inequality in the Republic of Korea: Measurement and Causes Matthew E. BURT & PARK Namgi

261

12. Access and Equity: Who are the Students at Taiwan’s Top Universiti