Class III peroxidase: an indispensable enzyme for biotic/abiotic stress tolerance and a potent candidate for crop improv
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REVIEW
Class III peroxidase: an indispensable enzyme for biotic/abiotic stress tolerance and a potent candidate for crop improvement Maria Kidwai1,2 · Iffat Zareen Ahmad2 · Debasis Chakrabarty1,3 Received: 16 June 2020 / Accepted: 26 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Class III peroxidases are secretory enzymes which belong to a ubiquitous multigene family in higher plants and have been identified to play role in a broad range of physiological and developmental processes. Potentially, it is involved in generation and detoxification of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and their subcellular localization reflects through three different cycles, namely peroxidative cycle, oxidative and hydroxylic cycles to maintain the ROS level inside the cell. Being an antioxidant, class III peroxidases are an important initial defence adapted by plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Both these stresses have become a major concern in the field of agriculture due to their devastating effect on plant growth and development. Despite numerous studies on plant defence against both the stresses, only a handful role of class III peroxidases have been uncovered by its functional characterization. This review will cover our current understanding on class III peroxidases and the signalling involved in their regulation under both types of stresses. The review will give a view of class III peroxidases and highlights their indispensable role under stress conditions. Its future application will be discussed to showcase their importance in crop improvement by genetic manipulation and by transcriptome analysis. Keywords Abiotic/biotic stress · Class III peroxidase · Crop improvement · Defence response · Signalling pathways
Introduction Peroxidases (PRXs) are widely distributed in living organisms to catalyze the oxidative reactions involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an acceptor of electron. According to the structure, PRX superfamily is categorized into heme and non-heme PRXs. Heme containing PRXs also called as heme PRXs and are further subdivided into animal and non-animal. Non-animal heme PRXs comprise three classes viz. Class I, II and III, which share a similar threedimensional structure and a heme group that is composed Communicated by Neal Stewart. * Debasis Chakrabarty [email protected] 1
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Division, CSIRNational Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India
2
Integral University, Uttar Pradesh, Kursi road, Lucknow 226001, India
3
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
of protoporphyrin IX and Fe(III). However, different PRX classes have diverse amino acid sequences that allow to perform unique reaction mechanism and functions with different subcellular localization (Cosio and Dunand 2009; Pandey et al. 2017; Welinder 1992). In higher plants, class III peroxidases ( Guaiacol PRXs, EC1.11.17) are heme oxidoreductase enzymes which are also termed a
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