Comparison of cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging in different growth stages with various vertical s
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Comparison of cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging in different growth stages with various vertical skeletal growth patterns Aykan Onur Atilla1 · Taner Ozturk2 · Ahmet Yagci2 Received: 2 May 2020 / Accepted: 31 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag France SAS, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose To compare cervical vertebral anomalies and sella turcica bridging (STB) in different growth stages in orthodontic patients with different vertical skeletal growth patterns. Methods Lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCR) of 270 patients in the preadolescent, adolescent, or postadolescent periods and having low angle [LA], normal angle [NA], or high-angle [HA] vertical skeletal growth patterns were evaluated retrospectively. STB was visualized using LCRs while evaluating the deficiency of ponticulus posticus (PP) and atlas posterior arch (PAA) associated with the atlas bone. The Pearson chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for categorical data and one-way ANOVA for numerical data. Results The prevalence of fully calcified PP and STB increased from the preadolescent (PP, 10.0%; STB, 11.1%) to the postadolescent period (PP, 24.4; STB, 21.1%); they did not differ from vertical skeletal growth patterns (p > 0.05). The prevalence of PAA deficiency is significantly higher in individuals with LA (46.7%) than with other angles (NA, 27.8%; HA, 26.7%). The vertical skeletal growth pattern was significantly related to STB in the preadolescent period and PAA in the postadolescent period. Conclusions Different anomalies during different growth periods correlate with the vertical skeletal growth pattern. It will be useful to evaluate a different anomaly according to the relevant growth period. Keywords Cervical vertebral anomalies · Sella turcica bridging · Vertical skeletal growth pattern · Ponticulus posticus · Lateral cephalometric radiography
Introduction One of the important stages of dental-orthodontic treatment planning is evaluating lateral cephalometric radiographs (LCRs) [23]. These radiographs can also be used to diagnose different conditions and anomalies related to the craniofacial and cervical vertebral regions and to skeletal maturation [1, 2, 11, 13, 17, 20, 22]. Anatomical variations and morphological abnormalities such as fusion of vertebral bodies, spina bifida, odontoid deformities, elongated styloid * Taner Ozturk [email protected] 1
Orthodontic Clinic, Osmanli Dental Center, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
2
process, first cervical vertebrae (CV, atlas) malformations (especially deficiency in the posterior arch and ponticulus posticus [PP] formations), and abnormal ossifications are not common in the cervical vertebrae [6, 7, 28, 30, 34]. The sella turcica, an important anatomical structure for orthodontists, can be easily observed on the intracranial surface of the sphenoid bone anteriorly bordered by the tuberculum sellae and posteriorly by
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