Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of Caragana microphylla in response to salt condition using de novo assembly
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH PAPER
Comprehensive transcriptome profiling of Caragana microphylla in response to salt condition using de novo assembly Sujung Kim . Jungup Na . Hualin Nie . Jiseong Kim . Jeongeun Lee . Sunhyung Kim
Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 October 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Objective To investigate the response of Caragana microphylla in salt condition, transcriptome analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) comparison with Arabidopsis thaliana, and the chlorophyll content analysis were performed. Results Gene Ontology (GO) term, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses of DEGs indicated that salt condition affected photosynthesis and chlorophyll in C. microphylla. The DEGs compared with salt responsive genes of A. thaliana indicated that C. microphylla’s responses to salt differed greatly from those of the model plant and that the results also indicated upregulated genes related to photosynthesis and chlorophyll in C. microphylla. Moreover, we confirmed that salt-treated C. microphylla increased chlorophyll content, and the genes of protoporphyrin IX downstream in chlorophyll biosynthesis were induced in the heatmap analysis.
Sujung Kim and Jungup Na contributed equally to this work.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-03022-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. S. Kim J. Na H. Nie J. Kim J. Lee S. Kim (&) Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Seoul, 02504 Seoul, Korea e-mail: [email protected]
Conclusions These results showed a similar pattern to some halophytes plants with increased chlorophyll at a certain salt concentration, and we assumed that C. microphylla also has a mechanism to adapt or tolerate moderate salt conditions. Keywords Transcriptome Caragana microphylla Salt stress Photosynthesis Chlorophyll
Introduction Caragana microphylla is a leguminous shrub and is mainly grown in Northeast China and horqin sandy land. The genus including C. microphylla have tolerant to abiotic stress and is the dominant shrub in desertified sandy land region (Ma et al. 2008; Long et al. 2020). As it reduces wind erosion and enhances water conservation, it is an economically important crop in semi-arid regions (Su et al. 2005). Salinity decreases photosynthetic capacity (Brugnoli and Lauteri 1991; Neumann et al. 1988), impairs ionic homeostasis, and increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many plants (Seemann and Chritchley 1985; Miller et al. 2010). Although many plants have developed various physiological and biochemical mechanisms to survive, some halophytes and mangrove plants are genetically/anatomically adapted to certain salt condition (Flowers and Colmer 2008;
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Duarte et al. 2014). Therefore, salt condition affects the growth of plants, but all plants have different tolerance levels. Salt stress inhibits photosynthesis and reduces chl
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