Copper and Zn distribution in humic substances of soil after 10 years of pig manure application in south of Santa Catari
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Copper and Zn distribution in humic substances of soil after 10 years of pig manure application in south of Santa Catarina, Brazil Lucas Benedet . Deborah Pinheiro Dick . Gustavo Brunetto . Elano dos Santos Ju´nior . Guilherme Wilbert Ferreira . Cledimar Roge´rio Lourenzi . Jucinei Jose´ Comin
Received: 13 November 2019 / Accepted: 10 April 2020 Ó Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This study aims to evaluate available Cu and Zn levels in soil and related in soil organic matter (SOM) fractions (fulvic acids—FA, humic acids— HA, and humins—HU) after 10 years of application of pig slurry (PS) and pig deep litter (PL). Soil samples were collected from an experiment with black oat/corn succession under no-tillage in southern Brazil. The treatments consisted of fertilization of 90 and 180 kg N ha-1 applied as PS and PL from 2002 to 2012 and a control treatment without any fertilization. SOM chemical fractionation was performed in airdried samples. Copper and Zn concentrations were analyzed in soil (total, EDTA- and CaCl2-extracted) and in SOM fractions. The amount of Cu and Zn (in mol) related to each fraction of SOM (Cu/C and Zn/C
molar ratios) was established. The applications of PS and PL promoted the accumulation of total and available Cu and Zn, especially in the PL180 treatment. The highest amount of Zn was found with HU, while for Cu both HA and HU were important retention compartments. The highest Cu/CFA, Cu/ CHA and Cu/CHU ratios were found with the addition of PL. Increases in Zn/C ratio were found mainly in FA fraction. The high levels of Cu and Zn obtained in the HCl-extracted SOM fraction suggest that a considerable part is bound to SOM and clay minerals with low energy. However, the SOM is an important source of metal adsorption in soils with swine manure application.
Present Address: L. Benedet (&) Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, University Campus, Lavras, MG 37200-000, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
J. J. Comin e-mail: [email protected]
L. Benedet E. dos Santos Ju´nior G. W. Ferreira C. R. Lourenzi J. J. Comin Department of Rural Engineering, Center of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Floriano´polis, SC 88034-000, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] G. W. Ferreira e-mail: [email protected]
D. P. Dick Physicochemical Department, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501-970, Brazil e-mail: [email protected] G. Brunetto Department of Soil Science, Center of Rural Science, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, University City, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil e-mail: [email protected]
C. R. Lourenzi e-mail: [email protected]
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Environ Geochem Health
Keywords Pig slurry Pig deep litter Soil organic matter Metals Availability
Introduction Agricultural farms with intensive pig farming typically generate high volumes of waste (Girotto et al. 2013
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