Cotton Chitinase Gene GhChi6 Improves the Arabidopsis Defense Response to Aphid Attack
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Cotton Chitinase Gene GhChi6 Improves the Arabidopsis Defense Response to Aphid Attack Xiao Zhong 1 & Pei Feng 1 & Qiqi Ma 1 & Yi Zhang 1 & Yazhen Yang 2 & Jianmin Zhang 1 Received: 7 February 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Despite the involvement of many members of the chitinase family in the plant immune system, the exact functions of most chitinases remain poorly understood, especially in plant defense responses to phytophagous insects. Here, the gene GhChi6, which encodes a chitinase protein in Gossypium hirsutum, was shown to be induced by cotton aphid feeding and mechanical wounding. Overexpression of GhChi6 in Arabidopsis plants improved their defense response to aphids. The activities of chitinase and PPO in GhChi6 transgenic Arabidopsis plants were higher than those in wild-type plants. Callose deposition in leaves from GhChi6 transgenic Arabidopsis plants was clearly increased compared with wild-type plants. The levels of AtEDS1, AtPAD4, and AtEDS5 in the SA signaling pathway were higher in GhChi6 transgenic Arabidopsis Line4 than those in wild-type plants, while the expression levels of AtLOX2 in the JA signaling pathway and AtEIN2 in the ethylene signaling pathway were lower in GhChi6 transgenic Arabidopsis Line4 than those in wild-type plants. These results collectively showed that the cotton chitinase gene GhChi6 modulated the plant defense response to aphid attack, which may help guide strategies for improving cotton aphid prevention. Keywords Chitinase . GhChi6 . Aphid resistance . Arabidopsis . Cotton . Overexpression
Abbreviations qPCR Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction ORF Open reading frame MS Murashige and Skoog PCR Polymerase chain reaction PAL Phenylalanine ammonialyase Xiao Zhong and Pei Feng contributed equally to this work and should be considered as co-first authors. Key message GhChi6 overexpression in Arabidopsis could improve Arabidopsis defensive response to aphids. The activities of chitinase, polyphenol oxidase, and the callose deposits in Ghchi6 transgenic Arabidopsis were higher than that in wild type. Ghchi6 may modulate plant defensive response to aphids through SA signal pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11105-020-01248-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Jianmin Zhang [email protected] 1
Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
2
College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
PPO SOD SA JA Bt
Polyphenol oxidase Superoxide dismutase Salicylic acid Jasmonic acid Bacillus thuringiensis
Introduction Chitinases (EC3.2.1.14) exist widely in plants and hydrolyze β-1,4-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) linkages of chitin. The most interesting thing about chitinases is that their substrate in plants has not been identified. Plants do not contain chitin, which is a key ingredient of funga
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