Deep representation-based packetized predictive compensation for networked nonlinear systems

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Deep representation-based packetized predictive compensation for networked nonlinear systems Shaofeng Chen2,3 • Yang Cao1 • Yu Kang1



Bingyu Sun2 • Xuefeng Wang1

Received: 24 February 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 Ó Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2020

Abstract The design of networked nonlinear control system is a very challenging problem due to the coupling of the system uncertainties (e.g., model accuracy, noise, nonlinearity) and network effects (e.g., packet dropouts, time delay). In this paper, a deep representation-based predictive compensation method is proposed for networked nonlinear systems with packet-dropouts in the feedback and forward channel. Different from the existing compensation methods based on openloop prediction, the proposed method is based on feedback compensation and does not require a nominal system model, so that it can avoid the coupling of system uncertainties and network effects as well as the occupation of network bandwidth. Specifically, a deep sequence to sequence learning scheme is firstly employed to encode the correlations of state and control sequences into deep feature representations. Furthermore, within the embedding space spanned by the learned features, according to the state-control sequence of each sampling step, a prediction of the next control command is generated as compensation for packet dropout. The stability of the overall system is rigorously proved by the Lyapunov theory, which reveals that the control errors for the networked control systems with packet dropouts asymptotic converge to a small neighborhood of the origin. We further evaluate the performance of the proposed strategy on a wheeled mobile robots simulation platform, and the experimental results demonstrate that our method can achieve high compensation accuracy and robustness concerning packet dropouts, even in the case of the maximum continuous packet dropouts specified by the network communication protocol. Keywords Deep representation  Networked control systems  Data packet dropouts  Stabilization

1 Introduction

This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61725304, 61673361, 61773360), in part by the National Key Research and Development Projects of China (2018AAA0100800, 2018YFE0106800), in part by the Major Science and Technology Projects of Anhui Province under Grant 912198698036. & Yu Kang [email protected] 1

Department of Automation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China

2

Institute of Intelligence Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China

3

University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China

Networked control systems (NCSs) find vast potential applications in scientific research, rescue, combat, security, intelligent transportation, and so on [1–4]. Usually these applications require an ideal communication environment, but the communication between plant and controller in