Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Serpentine-Shaped Patch Antenna with Folded Stub Lines for C- and X-Band Appl
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NTENNA AND FEEDER SYSTEMS
Design and Analysis of a Compact Dual-Band Serpentine-Shaped Patch Antenna with Folded Stub Lines for C- and X-Band Applications K. Viswanadhaa and N. S. Raghavaa, * aDepartment
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi, 110042 India *e-mail: [email protected] Received October 3, 2019; revised May 28, 2020; accepted June 1, 2020
Abstract—Antenna miniaturization plays an important role in modern wireless communication and has got some serious limitations. Gain and bandwidth degradations are two vital limitations in miniaturized antennas. Another problem faced by small antennas is efficiency degradation. This paper presents a compact dualband serpentine-shaped antenna with folded stub lines having a total volume of 10 × 13 × 1.524 mm3 and mounted on the partial ground plane with the dimensions of 10 × 6.5 × 0.035 mm3. A size reduction of 82% (including ground plane) is achieved compared to the conventional square patch antenna working at 6.8 GHz. The proposed antenna is linearly polarized. The antenna is fed with a 50-ohm microstrip line. The radiating element of the proposed antenna is connected to quarter-wavelength folded stub lines. The measured by –10 dB level impedance bandwidths of the proposed antenna are 660.6 MHz (6.6–7.26 GHz) and 1.52 GHz (8.84–10.36 GHz) which covers C- band (4–8 GHz) and X-band (8 ~ 12 GHz) applications. Measured gains of 3.2, 5.41 and 5.56 dBi along with the measured efficiencies of 82.1, 86.3, and 88.1% are obtained at 6.8, 9.51, and 9.89 GHz respectively. The radiation patterns of the proposed antenna are found to be unidirectional in all the planes at 6.8 GHz, uni-directional in E-plane and omni-directional in H-plane at 9.51 GHz and uni-directional in all the planes at 9.89 GHz. All the measured and simulated results are in good agreement. DOI: 10.1134/S106422692010006X
1. INTRODUCTION Miniaturization of patch antennas is necessary in the modern wireless communications as the integration is shifting towards ultra-small side. Design of compact wideband antennas for portable wireless communication systems is quite a challenging task because it has to satisfy requirements like wide bandwidth, omnidirectional radiation pattern, constant gain, high radiation efficiency, compact size, less weight and ease of fabrication. Miniaturization is usually achieved with the degradation in the gain and efficiency. It is always a challenging task to achieve high gain, bandwidth and efficiency along with the miniaturization at the lower part of Super High Frequency range (6–11 GHz). Bandwidth plays an important role in the high data communications like WiMAX, WLAN and 5G communications. The antennas used in these applications should be light, low volume and possess more features like handling high data rates, and high SNR [1]. A various miniaturized patch antenna [2–30] working in S, C and X-bands with different shapes for size reduction, gain and bandwidth are reported in
these papers. A microstrip line-fed
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