Determination of Aerobic Degradation Rates and Kinetics of Gaseous Hydrocarbons in Soil
This manuscript describes two approaches destine to measure biokinetic parameters for aerobic hydrocarbon degradation in unsaturated soils. The first approach is based on laboratory batch experiments (microcosms); the second approach is based on a laborat
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troduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3624
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Solutions and Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3624
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Time Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3624
4 Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3624 4.1 Laboratory Batch (Microcosm) Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3624 4.2 Laboratory Column Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3627 5
Research Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3629
K. N. Timmis (ed.), Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_285, # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010
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Determination of Aerobic Degradation Rates and Kinetics of Gaseous Hydrocarbons in Soil
Abstract: This manuscript describes two approaches destine to measure biokinetic parameters for aerobic hydrocarbon degradation in unsaturated soils. The first approach is based on laboratory batch experiments (microcosms); the second approach is based on a laboratory column setup. The microcosm approach has the advantage that more repetitions including single compound studies can be made, but works only for soils with relatively high hydrocarbon-degrading activities and requires a good knowledge of the sorption and partitioning behavior of hydrocarbons. The column approach is better applicable to pristine soils and is not influenced by sorption and partitioning once steady-state profiles are reached, but requires several weeks of experimentation.
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Introduction
The activity of microbial communities degrading hydrocarbons in soils is best studied in situ, since extraction of the organisms from soil leads to disruption of biofilms, changes in nutrient concentrations and in redox conditions. However, it is experimentally difficult to study the consumption of dissolved hydrocarbons in the aqueous phase in unsaturated soils. Nevertheless, the biodegradation of hydrocarbons can be followed in situ by studying concentration decreases of hydrocarbons in the gas phase and relating them to the aqueous phase using equilibrium partitioning concepts. It is the aim of this protocol to describe two procedures for measuring degradation rates in soils in the laboratory, and to outline relevant problems. The procedures follow two key publications on the subject (Ho¨hener et al., 2003; Ostendorf et al., 2007).
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Solutions and Materials
Soil: 1–2 kg of homogenized moist soil is needed for the microcosm approach, 10 to 20 kg for the column approach.
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