Developing an adsorption-based gas cleaning system for a dual fluidized bed gasification process
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Developing an adsorption-based gas cleaning system for a dual fluidized bed gasification process J. Loipersböck 1,2
&
G. Weber 1
&
R. Rauch 3
&
H. Hofbauer 2
Received: 2 March 2020 / Revised: 2 September 2020 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Biomass has the potential to make a major contribution to a renewable future economy. If biomass is gasified, a wide variety of products (e.g., bulk chemicals, hydrogen, methane, alcohols, diesel) can be produced. In each of these processes, gas cleaning is crucial. Impurities in the gas can cause catalyst poisoning, pipe plugging, unstable or poisoned end products, or harm the environment. Aromatic compounds (e.g., benzene, naphthalene, pyrene), in particular, have a huge impact on stable operation of syngas processes. The removal of these compounds can be accomplished by wet, dry, or hot gas cleaning methods. Wet gas cleaning methods tend to produce huge amounts of wastewater, which needs to be treated separately. Hot gas cleaning methods provide a clean gas but are often cost intensive due to the high operating temperatures and catalysts used in the system. Another approach is dry or semi-dry gas cleaning methods, including absorption and adsorption on solid matter. In this work, special focus was laid on adsorption-based gas cleaning for syngas applications. Adsorption and desorption test runs were carried out under laboratory conditions using a model gas with aromatic impurities. Adsorption isotherms, as well as dynamics, were measured with a multi-compound model gas. Based on these results, a temperature swing adsorption process was designed and tested under laboratory conditions, showing the possibility of replacing conventional wet gas cleaning with a semi-dry gas cleaning approach. Keywords Gas cleaning . Tar removal . Adsorption . Synthesis . Temperature swing adsorption
Nomenclature AC Activated carbon BET Brunnauer-Emmet-Teller method BJH Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda procedure BTX Benzene, toluene, and xylene db Dry base DFB Dual fluidized bed FAU Faujasite zeolite FID Flame ionization detector GC/MS Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry
* J. Loipersböck [email protected] 1
BEST–Bioenergy and Sustainable Technologies, Inffeldgasse 21b, 8010 Graz, Austria
2
Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Bioscience Engineering, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/166, 1060 Vienna, Austria
3
Institute of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 1, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
GoBiGas PAH RME SCD SEM STP TGA TSA b(T) ΔHads mAC mAC, in mAC, out pi R tBT Xads XBT Xmon Y(t)ads
Gothenburg biogas plant Polyaromatic hydrocarbons Rapeseed methyl ester/biodiesel Sulfur chemiluminescence detector Scanning electron microscopy Standard temperature and pressure (273.15 K, 105 Pa) Thermogravimetric analysis Temperature swing adsorption Langmuir coefficient Adsorption enthalpy Mass AC Mass AC at beginning of adsorption
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