Development of Methods for Improving the Functional and Operational Properties of Polymer Textile Materials
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Fibre Chemistry, Vol. 52, No. 3, September, 2020 (Russian Original No. 3, May-June, 2020)
DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE FUNCTIONAL AND OPERATIONAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMER TEXTILE MATERIALS M. A. Egorova, I. M. Egorov, N. V. Pereborova, and A. V. Demidov
UDC 539.434:677.494
Methods for improving the functional and operational properties of polymeric textile materials are described, on the basis of which recommendations are given for the design of new materials with specified functional properties.
In considering various characteristics of the functional and operational properties of polymeric textile materials, it can be noted that the maximum information about their functional properties can be found using deformation and energy components [1-3]. As is known, for the study of operational characteristics, it is easiest to use mechanical work on deformation of polymer textile materials, which can be determined graphically from the stress-strain curve of these materials. At the same time, taking into account the specific operating conditions of polymeric textile materials, it can be noted that only the initial zone of the stress-strain curve is important for them, where there is still no significant destruction of the materials [4-6]. The most objective picture of the functional behavior of a polymer textile material during its operation can be obtained by measuring the deformation characteristics in the initial deformation zone. By “deformation characteristics”, we refer to the elastic and plastic components of the work on deformation of the material, as well as the corresponding components of the total deformation [7-10]. The determination of these components of the work on the deformation of the polymer textile material and the total deformation is carried out either graphically from the stress-strain curve, or by numerical prediction using the creep parameters of the corresponding mathematical model. The development of computer algorithms and computer programs for calculating the elastic and plastic components of the operational deformation processes of polymer textile materials allows them to be used both at the stage of design of new materials and at the stage of organizing their production [11-14]. Consider the process of deformation of polymeric textile materials with a certain fixed strain rate ε& in the initial zone of the stress-strain diagram (Fig. 1). Stress-strain curves of polymeric textile materials can be obtained by predicting the process of their stretching according to the following law:
εt = ε& ⋅ t + ε0
(1)
where ε0 is the initial deformation, which is most often taken to equal zero: ε0 = 0. Graphically, as shown in Fig. 1, from the stress-strain curve of a polymeric textile material, one can determine the values of the initial E0 and final E∞ relaxation modulus [15-17]. We take into account that −1 −1 Eεt = F ⋅ Pt = F ⋅ Pt , εt ε0 + ε& t
(2),
or, for ε0 = 0, St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design, Russia. E-mail: [email protected]. Translated from
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