Development of nitrate stimulated hydrocarbon degrading microbial consortia from refinery sludge as potent bioaugmenting
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(2020) 36:156
ORIGINAL PAPER
Development of nitrate stimulated hydrocarbon degrading microbial consortia from refinery sludge as potent bioaugmenting agent for enhanced bioremediation of petroleum contaminated waste Jayeeta Sarkar1 · Anumeha Saha1 · Ajoy Roy2 · Himadri Bose1 · Siddhartha Pal2 · Pinaki Sar1 · Sufia K. Kazy2 Received: 21 June 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Stable and efficient hydrocarbon degrading microbial consortia were developed from a refinery sludge through nitrate amendment for their application in enhanced bioremediation of petroleum contaminated waste. Nitrate induced biostimulation of refinery sludge resulted in increased abundance of hydrocarbon degrading Rhodocyclaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Syntrophaceae and Comamonadaceae members. Repeated subculturing of nitrate stimulated communities in crude oil supplemented basal medium was done under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Aerobically enriched consortia (composed of Pseudomonadaceae, Pseudoxanthomonadaceae and unclassified Comamonadaceae) showed their ability to utilize alkanes, aromatics and crude oil as growth substrates. Anaerobically enriched consortium was predominated by Bacillaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Xanthomonadaceae, Porphyromonadaceae and Comamonadaceae members. Anaerobic consortium was found to be relatively less efficient in terms of TPH (total petroleum hydrocarbons) degradation compared to its aerobic counterpart. These enriched microbial consortia were finally tested for their biodegradation performance and stability during bioremediation of highly contaminated refinery sludge using different strategies. A 30 days microcosm based bioremediation trial showed that bioaugmentation of aerobic cultures with refinery sludge was more effective in TPH degradation (~ 65% degradation) compared to the anaerobic consortium (only 36% TPH degradation) and a combination of bioaugmentation and nitrate amendment with sludge resulted in enhanced hydrocarbon attenuation (up to 86% TPH degradation). Subsequent community analysis at the end of bioremediation trial confirmed the stability of the added microbial populations. Thus, the strategy of bioaugmentation of specially enriched native microbial populations in combination with nitrate amendment was successfully used for the enhanced bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated refinery waste. Keywords Bioaugmentation · Biostimulation · Bioremediation · Microbial community · Refinery sludge
Introduction Management of billions of tons of hazardous petroleum hydrocarbon containing waste sludge generated by oil refineries all over the world has posed severe environmental challenge for oil industries, whose improper handling could pose * Pinaki Sar [email protected] * Sufia K. Kazy [email protected] 1
Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, WB 721302, India
Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, WB 713209, India
2
serious threat to the enviro
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