Diatomaceous Earth as a Source of Silicon and its Impact on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Yield and Quality, Pe
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Diatomaceous Earth as a Source of Silicon and its Impact on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Yield and Quality, Pests and Disease Incidence of Arabica Coffee cv. Chandragiri Nagaraj Gokavi 1 & M. Jayakumar 1 & Kishor Mote 1 & U. Surendran 2 Received: 27 July 2020 / Accepted: 6 October 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract To assess the impact of Diatomaceous Earth (DE) as a source of silicon on soil physical-chemical properties, yield attributes and clean coffee yield of Arabica coffee cv. Chandragiri, field experiments were conducted during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Central Coffee Research Institute, Karnataka, India. Study revealed that, different doses of DE as soil application and as foliar spray (3 times) significantly increased the soil available silicon status from 38.19 to 41.63 mg kg− 1in 2018, 34.16 to 49.28 mg kg− 1 in 2019 and 36.18 to 46.04 mg kg− 1 on pooled basis and leaf available content from 0.40 to 0.79% in 2018, 0.43 to 0.83% in 2019 and 0.42 to 0.81% on pooled basis, respectively as compared to T1 − 100% RDF (Control). In addition, it enhanced the uptake of major nutrients and reduced the incidence of micronutrient during both the years of study and on pooled basis. Among different treatments, T7 -treatment supplemented with 100% RDF + 200 kg DEha− 1 + 0.5% foliar spray @ 3 times recorded significantly highest clean coffee yield (731 kg ha− 1) which was statistically on par (702 kg ha− 1) with T8- 75% RDF + 200 kg DE ha− 1 + 0.5% foliar spray @ 3 times during both the years of study increase in yield 27.63% as compared to T1- 100% RDF (Control) (529 cc kg ha− 1). The same trend was noticed in coffee beans grades, nutrients status in plants and post-harvest nutrient status in the soil. The impact of DE on pest and disease incidence could not be established either of the seasons, in a convincing manner. The net return and B: C ratio was highest in T7 (1.43) and T8 (1.40) compared with T3 (1.02). The study emphasized that use of silicon in Arabica coffee plantation is an alternative material which can be used for improving soil fertility and supplementary input for improving the production in coffee. Keywords Arabica coffee . Acidic soils . Diatomaceous earth . Silicon . Clean coffee yield . Physical . Chemical properties . Pest and diseases
1 Introduction Coffee is a vital beverage crop of India and it is the most widely consumed nonalcoholic beverage in the world with known health benefits viz., Central Nervous System stimulant. Currently, India produces 3, 19,000 MT of coffee with Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-020-00767-w) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * U. Surendran [email protected] 1
Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Research Station Post - 577 117, Chikkamagaluru District, Karnataka, India
2
Water Management Agriculture Division, Centre for Water Resources Development and Management (CWRDM), Kerala, India
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