Diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae) revealed by 1
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INVERTEBRATE MICROBIOLOGY
Diversity of bacterial symbionts associated with Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae) revealed by 16S rRNA Illumina sequencing Shifen Xu 1,2 & Liyun Jiang 1 & Gexia Qiao 1,2 & Jing Chen 1 Received: 9 July 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Aphids are known to be associated with a variety of symbiotic bacteria. To improve our knowledge of the bacterial diversity of polyphagous aphids, in the present study, we investigated the microbiota of the cosmopolitan agricultural pest Myzus persicae (Sulzer). Ninety-two aphid samples collected from different host plants in various regions of China were examined using highthroughput amplicon sequencing. We comprehensively characterized the symbiont diversity of M. persicae and assessed the variations in aphid-associated symbiont communities. We detected a higher diversity of symbionts than has been previously observed. M. persicae hosted the primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola and seven secondary symbionts, among which Wolbachia was the most prevalent and Rickettsia, Arsenophonus, and Spiroplasma were reported for the first time. Ordination analyses and statistical tests revealed that the symbiont flora associated with M. persicae did not change with respect to host plant or geography, which may be due to frequent migrations between different aphid populations. These findings will advance our knowledge of the microbiota of polyphagous insects and will enrich our understanding of assembly of host-microbiome systems. Keywords High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing . Horizontal transmission . Polyphagous aphid . Symbiont community
Introduction Bacterial symbionts are widespread in insects, and their symbiotic associations range from obligate mutualism to facultative parasitism [1]. Xylem or phloem sap-feeding insect lineages typically host obligate symbionts that supply the nutrients necessary to supplement their unbalanced sap diets [2]. One typical example of obligate mutualism is the symbiosis between aphids and Buchnera aphidicola. Buchnera is the primary endosymbiont of aphids, resides in bacteriocytes, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-020-01622-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Gexia Qiao [email protected] * Jing Chen [email protected] 1
Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
and can provide essential amino acids and vitamins for its hosts [3, 4]. Because of its strict vertical transmission, Buchnera has undergone long-term coevolution with its aphid hosts [5]. However, due to the metabolic losses caused by rapid genome deterioration in Buchnera [6], some aphid species of the subfamilies Lachninae, Chaitophorinae, and Aphidinae have established co-obligate associations with other symbiotic partners
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