Driving forces and decoupling indicators for carbon emissions from the industrial sector in Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, and
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Driving forces and decoupling indicators for carbon emissions from the industrial sector in Egypt, Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia Jean Engo 1 Received: 8 May 2020 / Accepted: 3 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract North Africa currently accounts for about 40% of Africa’s total CO2 emissions, and the industrial sector is one of the energyintensive sectors in the region. To this end, special attention should be paid to this region if the African continent’s GHG mitigation targets are to be achieved. An extended decomposition approach was combined with the Tapio method to explore the decoupling of CO2 emissions from industrial growth in North African countries over the period of 1990–2016. The effects of five factors were assessed in the decoupling and the study took into account all fossil fuels used in the industrial sector of this region. Unlike Morocco, Egypt, Tunisia, and Algeria, this study did not consider Libya because of the unavailability of data. Meanwhile, the results showed that: (i) low decoupling was achieved in Tunisia, compared with Morocco and Egypt, where significant decoupling occurred significantly over the study period. (ii) Due to the slowdown in industrial growth, the decoupling analysis did not show satisfactory results in the case of Algeria. (iii) Scale effects contributed to promoting decoupling only in Algeria, while the energy intensity effect played a negative role in decoupling only in Tunisia. (iv) The energy structure effect played an important role in decoupling in Tunisia and Egypt, while the economic structural effect favored decoupling in Tunisia and Morocco alone. An energy policy conducive to the use of more renewable energy is needed to promote decoupling in North African countries. Keywords North Africa . CO2 emission . Industry . Decoupling . Energy . Economic growth
Introduction The current global challenge is to lift one billion people out of absolute poverty and chart the way forward to meet the needs of nine billion people by 2050 (Johnson 2006), while maintaining climate change, biodiversity loss, and threats to health within acceptable limits (IPCC 2014). For the well-being of today and tomorrow, it is necessary to achieve sustainable resource management by dissociating the use of natural resources and the environmental impacts of human well-being. Sustainability requires that resources be used more efficiently, reducing the economic and environmental costs associated with resource depletion and negative environmental impacts.
Responsible Editor: Eyup Dogan * Jean Engo [email protected] 1
Ecole Normale Supérieure d’Enseignement Technique (ENSET) d’Ebolowa, University of Yaoundé I, 886 Ebolowa, Cameroon
Decoupling analysis has proved to be an indispensable tool for determining the interdependence between economic development and environmental pressures. According to the IEA, global CO2 emissions related to the consumption of fossil fuel were estimated at 32.31 GtCO2 in 2016. In this amount of carbon, w
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