Dynamics of Charge States of Relativistic Gold Ion Beams Passing through Cu and Au Foils in the NICA Project
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Dynamics of Charge States of Relativistic Gold Ion Beams Passing through Cu and Au Foils in the NICA Project V. V. Borodicha, O. I. Meshkova,b, S. V. Sinyatkina, I. Yu. Tolstikhinac, A. V. Tuzikovd, V. P. Shevelkoc,*, and N. Wincklere a
Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia b Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, 630090 Russia c Lebedev Physical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991 Russia d Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow oblast, 141980 Russia e Firma ATOS, BDS R&D, Échirolles, 38130 France *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 1, 2019; revised April 19, 2019; accepted April 25, 2019
Abstract—In order to study the properties of dense baryonic matter, an accelerator complex is under development at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna, Russia) within the new NICA project. The NICA project assumes the use of accelerated ion beams ranging from protons to gold ions with relativistic energies up to 4.5 GeV/nucleon. To design experiments, it is necessary to have information on the efficiency of the yield of bare gold nuclei formed at the passage of a gold ion beam with energies of about several hundreds of MeV per nucleon through a foil of a specialized stripping station at the output of the booster of the accelerator. In this work, the optimal conditions (material and thickness of the foil and the energy of the ion) for the formation of fractions of bare gold nuclei with a probability of 80–90% have been determined by calculating electron loss and capture cross sections, as well as the dynamics of charge states of gold ions colliding with copper and gold foils at energies of 400 and 600 MeV/nucleon, DOI: 10.1134/S1063776119080120
1. INTRODUCTION The new Russian project NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider Facility) with international cooperation began in 2013 [1]. Its aim is to obtain intense heavy ion and polarized nuclear beams in order to study new forms of baryonic matter, in particular a quark–gluon plasma. A source of ion beams for the NICA is an injection complex including the KRION electronstring heavy ion source, the HILAC heavy-ion linear accelerator (commissioned in 2016), a superconducting booster synchrotron, and the upgraded Nuclotron superconducting accelerator built in 1993. The NICA will allow the acceleration and collision of heavy ions up to gold nuclei in a wide energy range. Experiments with polarized nuclear beams are also planned. The expected kinetic energies of protons and heavy ions are 12.6 GeV and about 4.5 GeV/nucleon, respectively. A significant part of the experimental program is devoted to the acceleration and collision of gold nuclear beams because they have all properties necessary for the formulated aims. After commissioning, the NICA will become a part of a powerful accelerator community [2–4] but with its own unique experimental program.
In the process of design of the ion transport channel from the booster to the Nuclotron, it becam
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