Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Ecosystems in Chile, California, and Australia
Mediterranean-type ecosystems have provided ecologists with some of the most scientifically-rewarding opportunities to formulate and evaluate hypotheses about large and small-scale ecological phenomena. Comparison of mediterranean-type climate ecosystems
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Edited by O.L. Lange, Wiirzburg, FRG H.A. Mooney, Stanford, USA H. Remmert, tMarburg, FRG
Ecological Studies Volumes published since 1989 are listed at the end of this book.
Mary T. Kalin Arroyo Marilyn D. Fox
Paul H. Zedler
Editors
Ecology and Biogeography of Mediterranean Ecosystems in Chile, California, and Australia With 66 Illustrations
Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg London Paris Tokyo Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest
Mary T. Kalin Arroyo Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Chile Casilla 653, Santiago Chile
Paul H. Zedler Department of Biology San Diego State University San Diego, CA 92182-0057 USA
Marilyn D. Fox School of Geography University of New South Wales Kensington NSW 2033 Australia Cover illustration: The fruit, seed, and flower of Quillaja saponaria Mol. (Rosaceae), a dominant tree in the sclerophyllous vegetation of Central Chile. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Ecology and biogeography of Mediterranean ecosystems in Chile, California, and Australia/M.T.K. Arroyo, Paul H. Zedler, and Marilyn D. Fox, editors. p. cm.-(Ecological studies; v. 108) Includes bibliographical references and index. I. Mediterranean-type ecosystems-Chile. 2. Mediterranean-type ecosystems-California. 3. Mediterranean-type ecosystemsAustralia. 4. Plant ecology-Chile. 5. Plant ecology-California. 6. Plant ecology-Australia. 7. Biogeography-Chile. 8. Biogeography-California. 9. Biogeography-Australia. I. Kalin Arroyo, Mary T. II. Zedler, Paul H. III. Fox, Marilyn D. IV. Series. QH541.5.M44E26 1994 574.5'262-dc20 94-3097 Printed on acid-free paper.
© 1995 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1995 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed is forbidden. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone.
Production coordinated by Chernow Editorial Services, Inc., and managed by Francine McNeill; manufacturing supervised by Jacqui Ashri. Typeset by Asco Trade Typesetting Ltd., Hong Kong.
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ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-7560-2
e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-2490-7
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2490-7
Foreword
Comparative studies of the biota in mediterranean-climate areas have been especially interesting since the intriguing similarities between these geographically distant regions were revealed by the early biogeographers. The similarities have been taken as good examples of the power
