Effect of Polyhedral Silsesquioxane Functionalized Sulfonic Acid Groups Incorporated Into Highly Sulfonated Polyphenylsu
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Effect of Polyhedral Silsesquioxane Functionalized Sulfonic Acid Groups Incorporated Into Highly Sulfonated Polyphenylsulfone as Proton-Conducting Membrane Nor Azureen Mohamad Nor1,2,3 · Juhana Jaafar3 · Je-Deok Kim1,2 · Ahmad Fauzi Ismail3 · Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman3 · Mukhlis A Rahman3 Received: 3 February 2020 / Accepted: 26 October 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract A Composite proton exchange membrane consists of octaphenyl polyhedral silsesquioxane (POSS) has been incorporated into a highly sulfonated polyphenylsulfone (SPPSU) for potential use in fuel cell applications. The effect of modified POSS by functionalization with sulfonic acid groups (SPOSS) addition on physicochemical properties, mechanical strength, and proton conductivity of the SPPSU is examined. Results revealed that the incorporation of POSS and SPOSS has significantly improved the mechanical strength and conductivity of the SPPSU composite membranes. SPPSU-POSS composite membrane shows tough and ductile features. Meanwhile, the SPPSU-SPOSS composite membrane exhibits mechanically lower strength but greater in flexibility as compared to SPPSU-POSS composite membrane. As per expectation, the proton conductivity of the SPPSU-SPOSS composite membrane is significantly improved compared to SPPSU-POSS composite membrane according to its relatively higher water uptake value. Based on the obtained results, it has been suggested that POSS has enhanced the proton conductivity and mechanical strength of the highly sulfonated PPSU based membrane desirable to be served as a proton exchange membrane in fuel cell application. Keywords Polyphenylsulfone · Octaphenyl polyhedral silsesquioxane · Sulfonation · Proton exchange membrane · Fuel cell
1 Introduction The state of the art of the proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers have limited the commercialization of the PEMFC based
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Juhana Jaafar [email protected] Je-Deok Kim [email protected]
1
Hydrogen Production Materials Group, Center for Green Research On Energy and Environmental Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
2
Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Group, Global Research Center for Environmental and Energy Based On Nanomaterials Science (GREEN), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
3
Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
polymeric membrane. The restricted usage of perfluorosulfonic acid ionomers is due to the high cost, lower proton conductivity, and rising temperature and water management issues. Nafion (perfluorosulfonic acid) membrane by DuPont with high stability and excellent proton conductivity is the most and typical commercially available proton exchange membrane (PEM) in the market [1]. Howeve
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