Effect of Zinc Concentration on the Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Mixed Co-Zn Ferrites Nanoparticles S
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UCTION
RECENTLY, spinel nanoferrites have been extensively studied because of their enormous technological applications, such as magnetic recording,[1] drug delivery,[2] gas-sensors,[3] microwave absorption,[4] magnetic ferrofluids,[5] information storage systems,[6] photocatalytic,[7] and magnetic resonance imaging.[8] In normal unit cell of an AB2O4 spinel structure, the divalent and trivalent cations mainly occupy the tetrahedral (A-) and octahedral (B-) sites, respectively. In inverse spinel
P.T. PHONG is with the Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and also with the Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Contact e-mail: [email protected] P.H. NAM and D.H. MANH are with the Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam. N.X. PHUC and B.T. HUY are with the DuyTan University, K7/25 Quang Trung Street, Da Nang City, Vietnam. L.T. Lu is with the Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Vietnam. IN-JA LEE is with the Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Dongguk UniversityGyeongju, Dongdaero 123, Gyeongju-Si, Gyeongbuk 38066, Korea. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript submitted October 4, 2018.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A
structure, in contrast, the trivalent cation can equally occupy the A-site and remaining B-site. In general, the cation distribution between A-site and B-site depends on the ionic radii, the type of bonding and the preparation method and, as a consequence, the magnetic and optical properties of ferrite sensitively depend on this distribution.[9] Among spinel nanoferrites, CoFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4 spinel nanoferrites have drawn considerable attention because of their unique physical properties and important applications.[10–13] CoFe2O4 is a typically inverse spinel ferrite in which Co2+ ions mainly occupy the B-site and Fe3+ ions occupy equally A- and B-sites, whereas ZnFe2O4 is a normal spinel where all the Zn2+ ions occupy the A-site and all Fe3+ ions the B-site.[9,14–16] Therefore, if Co2+ ions are partially substituted by Zn2+ ions, the CoZnFe2O4 will have a mixed spinel structure.[17] It is demonstrated using the electronic configuration, valence of ions and nanoparticles size in the literature[18] that Zn2+ and Co2+ cations of CoZnFe2O4 mixed ferrites are distributed at the tetrahedral A and the octahedral B sites. In case of Co1xZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs), the distribution of 3+ the cations can be represented (Zn2+ x Fe1x) 3+ 2 [19–21] Fe ]O . [Co2+ 1x 1+x 4 Spinel ferrite nanoparticles can be prepared by various techniques including hydrothermal synthesis, ball-milling, co-precipitation, sol-gel, combustion reaction and
the reverse micelles technique.[22–28] In this context, CoZnFe2O4 mixed ferrites are widely studied by several authors. Vaidyanathan et al.[25] synthesized Co1-xZnxFe2O4 nanoparticles using a co-precipit
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