Emerging Roles of Perivascular Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Synovial Joint Inflammation
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INVITED REVIEW
Emerging Roles of Perivascular Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Synovial Joint Inflammation Yosra Bedoui 1 & Grégorie Lebeau 1 & Xavier Guillot 2 & Farouk Dargai 3 & Pascale Guiraud 1 & Jim W. Neal 4 & Stéphane Ralandison 5 & Philippe Gasque 1,6 Received: 25 July 2019 / Accepted: 10 September 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In contrast to the significant advances in our understanding of the mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) populations in bone marrow (BM), little is known about the MSCs that are resident in the synovial joint and their possible roles in the tissue homeostasis, chronic inflammation as well as in repair. Neural crest is a transient embryonic structure, generating multipotential MSC capable of migrating along peripheral nerves and blood vessels to colonize most tissue types. In adult, these MSC can provide functional stromal support as a stem cell niche for lymphocyte progenitors for instance in the BM and the thymus. Critically, MSC have major immunoregulatory activities to control adverse inflammation and infection. These MSC will remain associated to vessels (perivascular (p) MSC) and their unique expression of markers such as myelin P0 and transcription factors (e.g. Gli1 and FoxD1) has been instrumental to develop transgenic mice to trace the fate of these cells in health and disease conditions. Intriguingly, recent investigations of chronic inflammatory diseases argue for an emerging role of pMSC in several pathological processes. In response to tissue injuries and with the release of host cell debris (e.g. alarmins), pMSC can detach from vessels and proliferate to give rise to either lipofibroblasts, osteoblasts involved in the ossification of arteries and myofibroblasts contributing to fibrosis. This review will discuss currently available data that suggest a role of pMSC in tissue homeostasis and pathogenesis of the synovial tissue and joints.
Keywords Neural crest . Mesenchymal stem cells . Glia . Fibroblast-like synoviocytes . Inflammation . Alarmins
* Philippe Gasque [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] Yosra Bedoui [email protected]
Stéphane Ralandison [email protected] 1
Unité de recherche EPI (Etudes Pharmacoimmunologiques), Université de la Réunion, 97400 St Denis, La Réunion, France
2
Service de Rhumatologie, CHU Bellepierre, Felix Guyon et Unité de recherche EPI, 97400 St Denis, La Réunion, France
3
Chirurgie orthopédique et traumatologie, CHU Bellepierre, Felix Guyon, St Denis, La Réunion, France
4
Infection and Immunity, Henry Wellcome Building, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
5
Service de Rhumatologie- Médecine Interne, CHU Morafeno, Toamasina, Madagascar
6
Pôle de Biologie, Laboratoire d’Immunologique Clinique et expérimentale ZOI, LICE-OI, CHU Bellepierre, Felix Guyon, St Denis, La Réunion, France
Grégorie Lebeau [email protected] Xavier Guillot [email protected] Farouk Dargai [email protected] Pas
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