Endocrine-disrupting plasticizer Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure causes change in behavioral attributes in Drosophila melanog
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Endocrine‑disrupting plasticizer Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure causes change in behavioral attributes in Drosophila melanogaster Morium Begum1 · Pallab Paul1 · Debasmita Das1 · Sujay Ghosh1 Accepted: 27 February 2020 © Korean Society of Environmental Risk Assessment and Health Science 2020
Abstract Objective and methods The effects of Bisphenol A (BPA) on selected behaviors of Drosophila melanogaster, namely larval feeding rate, larval foraging ability, adult climbing ability and courtship display, were tested by rearing the flies for 30 successive generations by exposing the third instar larvae to two different sublethal doses (0.007 g/2 ml and 0.010 g/2 ml). Results Our results revealed a significant reduction in feeding rate, foraging path length and frequency of courtship display. Both the treated male and female adults exhibited higher climbing ability at lower concentration (0.007 g/2 ml) of BPA exposure at 20 s and 30 s of interval, whereas reduced climbing ability was recorded at 10 s of interval in comparison with controls. At higher concentration (0.010 g/2 ml), only the treated females, not males exhibited significant reduced climbing ability at 30 s of interval. Keywords Drosophila melanogaster · BPA · Feeding rate · Foraging rate · Climbing ability · Courtship display
Introduction Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound used primarily in the production of polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and other polymeric materials. It is used in the protective coating of beverage and food containers, residential drinking water storage tanks, medical vinyl chloride, thermal paper, flame retardants, printing inks, sports equipment, dental materials, compact disks (CDs) [1, 2], etc. It is a ubiquitous xenoestrogen and endocrine disruptor [3, 4] that enters the living system through various routes, primarily through the contamination of food and drinking water. Following its entry at cellular level, BPA conjugates with glucuronic acid through Phase II reaction to form BPA glucuronate in gut and liver. Upon entering, it disrupts almost all the estrogenregulated subcellular signaling pathways by binding to the * Sujay Ghosh [email protected] Morium Begum [email protected] 1
Cytogenetics and Genomics Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, Taraknath‑Palit‑Siksha‑Prangan (Ballygunge Science College Campus), 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700019, India
estrogen receptors. It is evident from several experimental studies conducted on animal models and human that maternal exposure to BPA during the gestational period causes impairment of brain development and subsequent change in juvenile behavior [5–7]. Moreover, BPA exposure can induce anxiety, an increased risk of autistic behaviors and impaired memory, reduced ability of learning and causes changes in social behaviors [1]. Study revealed positive association between BPA levels in urine and anxiety as well as depression in children aged 8 to 11 years [8]. Experimental low dose of pren
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