Energy Efficient Dynamic Cluster Head and Routing Path Selection Strategy for WBANs
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Energy Efficient Dynamic Cluster Head and Routing Path Selection Strategy for WBANs Roopali1 · Rakesh Kumar1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Wirelss Body Area Networks, a new promising technology, have the competence to reform healthcare and contribute ubiquitous health monitoring services to patients both at homes and hospitals. WBAN comprises of low power sensor nodes that communicate based on radio frequency communicational technologies. Sensor nodes are either wearable or implantable (beneath the skin). However, it is difficult to recharge or replace the devices that are used to sense the body parameters. Thus, energy consumption and prolonged lifetime of the networks is a major concern and more energy efficient routing protocols for WBANs are required. We have proposed a routing protocol based on GA for WBANs which is efficient in terms of energy efficiency and network lifetime. Cost function is defined on the basis of residual energy and distance parameter so that the near by nodes are selected in a cluster which makes ideal cluster distribution and reduces energy consumption. The proposed algorithm focuses on Inter-BAN communication. The simulation results of the proposed protocol are compared with previously known schemes in terms of different parameters, such as energy efficiency, network lifetime, throughput, packet delivery ratio and average delay and have shown the enhanced performance. Also, the proposed scheme has enhanced energy optimization by 28–29% with respect to the existing schemes. Keywords Energy efficiency · Clustering · Cluster head selection · Routing · Routing protocols · Routing path · Sensors · Ubiquitous healthcare · Wireless body area networks
1 Introduction The chronic diseases are responsible for 71% of deaths globally and 53% of deaths in India as per the survey of World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. As the society is becoming more health conscious, most of the diseases can be fought with the amalgamation of health and information technology. This is actually useful for a society with traditional health
* Roopali [email protected] Rakesh Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, Chandigarh, India
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practices and infrastructure. With the advancement of sensing devices and communicational technologies, WBANs are capable of early diagnosis of diseases and can improve the quality of life by providing health facilities to the patients without visiting the doctor. However, several challenges such as energy efficiency, QoS, fault tolerance, usage of low power communicational technologies due to SAR, interference, dynamic network topology, managing heterogeneous data etc. are hindrances in their reliable and trustworthy adoption [2–6]. Despite of the aforementioned challenges, it is expected that wearable health device users will reach 65mn by 2023 all over the world as both the develo
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