Enhancement of the optical properties of copper sulfate crystal by the influence of shock waves
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Department of Physics, Abdul Kalam Research Center, Sacred Heart College, Tirupattur, Tamilnadu 635 601, India Department of Physics, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600 073, India a) Address all correspondence to this author. e-mail: [email protected] 2
Received: 17 August 2019; accepted: 26 November 2019
A systematic analysis was carried out to study the effect of shock waves on copper sulfate crystal in such a way that its optical properties and surface morphological properties were examined for different number of shock pulses (0, 1, 3, 5, and 7) with the constant Mach number 1.7. The test crystal of copper sulfate was grown by slow evaporation technique. The surface morphological and optical properties were scrutinized by optical microscope and ultraviolet–visible spectrometer, respectively. On exposing to shock waves, the optical transmission of the test crystal started increasing from the range of 35–45% with the increase of shock pulses and thereafter started decreasing to 25% for higher number of applied shocks. The optical band transition modes and optical band gap energies were calculated for pre- and post-shock wave loaded conditions. The experimentally obtained data prove that the optical constants such as absorption coefficient, extinction coefficient, skin depth, optical density, and optical conductivity are strongly altered, so also the optical transmission due to the impact of shock waves. Hence, shock wave induced high transmission test crystal can be used as an appropriate candidate for ultraviolet light filter applications.
Introduction
shock loading of these materials is performed at relatively low
Shock wave loading technique has emerged as one of the interesting and enlightening tools with which it is possible to
impact velocities (350–650 m/s), it is sufficient to enforce a number of changes such as local melting at the grain boundaries, crystalline plane orientation changes, electrical domain orientation changes, lattice strain crystal defects, and recrystallization [4, 5, 6]. These changes can lead to significant modifications in the crystal transport properties, such as thermal, electrical, and optical properties. The literature contains very little data on experimental work with respect to the impact of shock waves on materials compared with other studies like that of stress impact, gamma radiation, static pressure, and temperature conditions. Very few articles have been published so far in this area [5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], so that it provides an opportunity to explore the techno-oriented implications, which could be derived out of materials on encountering with shock waves in such a way that it can open the flood gates of a new dawn in research on the impact of shock waves on crystalline materials in bulk and nano size. Around the globe, few research groups have been continually working and carrying out experiments to understand the rich science behind
tune and modify the properties of materials of either crystalline or non-crystalline or else nanocr
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