Enriching CBT by Neuroscience: Novel Avenues to Achieve Personalized Treatments
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Enriching CBT by Neuroscience: Novel Avenues to Achieve Personalized Treatments Kristoffer N T Månsson 1,2,3
& Ulrike
Lueken 4 & Andreas Frick 5
Accepted: 5 October 2020/ # The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an established and efficient treatment for a variety of common mental disorders, a considerable number of patients do not respond to treatment or relapse after successful CBT. Recent findings and approaches from neuroscience could pave the way for clinical developments to enhance the outcome of CBT. Herein, we will present how neuroscience can offer novel perspectives to better understand (a) the biological underpinnings of CBT, (b) how we can enrich CBT with neuroscience-informed techniques (augmentation of CBT), and (c) why some patients may respond better to CBT than others (predictors of therapy outcomes), thus paving the way for more personalized and effective treatments. We will introduce some key topics and describe a selection of findings from CBT-related research using tools from neuroscience, with the hope that this will provide clinicians and clinical researchers with a brief and comprehensible overview of the field. Keywords CBT . Neuroscience . Neuroimaging . Prediction . Personalized therapy .
Augmentation . Mechanisms of change
The International Journal of Cognitive Therapy: https://www.springer.com/journal/41811
* Kristoffer N T Månsson [email protected]; mansson@mpib–berlin.mpg.de
1
Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
2
Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany
3
Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
4
Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
5
The Beijer Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
International Journal of Cognitive Therapy
Introduction Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has proven effective for many common mental disorders (Carpenter et al., 2018; Hofmann et al., 2012), but although many patients are helped by CBT, a considerable proportion does not respond sufficiently, and relapse is common (Ginsburg et al., 2014; e.g., Loerinc et al., 2015). This is a considerable challenge that needs to be tackled. Incorporating recent findings and approaches from neuroscience represents one promising route forward; see also psychological treatments: A call for a mental health science (Holmes et al., 2014). The 9th World Congress of Cognitive and Behavioral Therapies (WCBCT) held in Berlin, Germany, in 2019 offered several symposia with topics on the crossroad between neuroscience and psychological therapies (e.g., Craske, 2019; Lueken, 2019; Månsson, 2019). Here, we will present a selection of findings from three areas where neuroscience can offer novel perspectives to better understand (a) how CBT works on a biological level (i.e., characterizing CBT-induced mechanisms of change), (b) ho
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