Estimation of C-derived introgression into A. m. mellifera colonies in the Russian Urals using microsatellite genotyping
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Genes & Genomics https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-020-00966-0
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Estimation of C‑derived introgression into A. m. mellifera colonies in the Russian Urals using microsatellite genotyping Rustem A. Ilyasov1,2 · Myeong‑Lyeol Lee1 · Ural Yunusbaev1,2 · Alexey Nikolenko2 · Hyung‑Wook Kwon1 Received: 12 December 2019 / Accepted: 2 July 2020 © The Genetics Society of Korea 2020
Abstract Background Marker-assisted selection is well established in animal breeding method of selecting individuals with desirable traits in a breeding scheme based on DNA molecular marker patterns. Objective Genetic diversity and C-derived admixture into local purebred gene pool of A. m. mellifera colonies was assessed using polymorphism of nine microsatellite loci in order to provide further marker-assisted selection of desired honey bee colonies. Methods The genetic diversity and the level of C-derived introgression into A. m. mellifera colonies in the Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve (Russia) was assessed based on nine microsatellite loci (ap243, 4a110, A24, A8, A43, A113, A88, Ap049, A28), which were analized using the fragment analysis of the PCR products in Applied Biosystems 3130 DNA Analyzer. Phylogenetic relationship of colonies was evaluated using Neighbor-Joining methods with Cavalli-Sforza and Edwards genetic distance using the PHYLIP 3.68. The model-based Bayesian clustering algorithm implemented in STRUCTURE 2.3.3 was employed to infer membership and introgression proportions (Q-value). Results In the Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve colonies of A. m. mellifera subdivided into four groups by level of C-derived introgression. Only five colonies of A. m. mellifera had C-derived introgression which varied from 0.5 to 2%. The genetic diversity in colonies of A. m. mellifera varied from 0.12 to 0.40. The Neighbor-Joining tree demonstrates the genetic relationship of A. m. mellifera colonies, which subdivided into three groups with different levels of C-derived introgression. Group 1 combined five honey bee colonies Bort_1, Bort_2, Bort_3, Baisalyan_1, and Kush_7 with a fraction of introgression close to 0.000 and genetic diversity from 0.20 to 0.25. Conclusion The results showed the excellence of nine microsatellite loci genotyping in estimation of genetic diversity, distinguishing the two European evolutionary lineages M and C and estimating C-derived introgression. These genetic parameters can be applied further to perform the marker-assisted selection of purebred dark European honey bees. Keywords Apis mellifera mellifera · Apis mellifera caucasia · Dark European honey bee · Genetic diversity · C-derived introgression
Introduction
* Rustem A. Ilyasov [email protected] * Hyung‑Wook Kwon [email protected] 1
Department of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, Incheon National University, 119 Academy‑ro, Yeonsu‑gu, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 71 Prospect Oktyabrya, Ufa 450
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