Evaluation of different culture media for detection and quantification of H. pylori in environmental and clinical sample
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REVIEW
Evaluation of different culture media for detection and quantification of H. pylori in environmental and clinical samples Irene Hortelano 1
&
Yolanda Moreno 1
&
Fidson Juarismi Vesga 2
&
María Antonia Ferrús 3
Received: 16 January 2020 / Revised: 11 June 2020 / Accepted: 15 June 2020 # Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract The objective of the present study was to establish the most suitable culture medium for the isolation of H. pylori from environmental and clinical samples. Ten different culture media were compared and evaluated. Four of them had been previously described and were modified in this study. The rest of the media were designed de novo. Three different matrices, tap water, wastewater, and feces, were inoculated with serial dilutions of H. pylori NCTC 11637 strain at a final concentration of 104 and 103 CFU/ml and the recovery rates were calculated. From inoculated tap water and wastewater samples, H. pylori colonies were recovered from four out of the analyzed culture media. When fecal samples were analyzed, the isolation of the pathogen under study was only possible from two culture media. Different optimal media were observed for each type of sample, even for wastewater and stool samples. Nevertheless, our results indicated that the combination of Dent Agar with polymyxin B sulfate did not inhibit the growth of H. pylori and was highly selective for its recovery, regardless of the sample origin. Thus, we propose the use of this medium as a diagnostic tool for the isolation of H. pylori from environmental and clinical samples, as well as for epidemiological studies. Keywords H. pylori . Isolation . Identification . Culture media . Feces . Environmental samples
Introduction Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with gastritis, chronic gastritis, peptic, and duodenal ulcer, and the organism is also implicated in the development of gastric cancer (Graham 1991), being the only bacteria with a demonstrated carcinogenic action. Bacterial colonization of the gastric mucosa is the main cause of ulcers in the stomach and duodenum (Suzuki et al. 2012). Although 60% of the world’s population is infected with H. pylori, its transmission pathway is unclear (Loke et al.
* Yolanda Moreno [email protected] 1
Research Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 Valencia, Spain
2
Microbiology Department, Science Faculty, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
3
Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
2016). Different routes have been pointed out, such as oral-oral, gastro-oral, fecal-oral, and indirect transmission via water or foods (Sjomina et al. 2018; Atapoor et al. 2014). Some studies have analyzed the potential of water, including drinking water, as an infection source for H. pylori (Santiago et al. 2015). The survival of H. pylori in biofilms formed in water supply distribution systems has been also proposed as a probable transmission mecha
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