Evaluation of left atrial volume and function in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon using real-time three-dimen
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Evaluation of left atrial volume and function in patients with coronary slow flow phenomenon using real‑time three‑dimensional echocardiography Yumeng Xing1 · Yongle Chen1 · Yu Liu1 · Dehong Kong1 · Yan Yan2 · Xianhong Shu1,2 · Cuizhen Pan1 Received: 11 April 2019 / Accepted: 22 July 2019 © Springer Nature B.V. 2019
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the left atrial (LA) volume and phasic functions using real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE) in coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP) patients with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). 56 patients with CSFP (36 males, 20 females) and 48 controls with normal coronary flow (27 males, 21 females) were prospectively enrolled. Comprehensive transthoracic echocardiographic examination and RT3DE for the assessment of LA dynamics were performed in all participants. LA maximum, minimum, and pre-atrial contraction volumes (LAVmax, LAV-min, and LAV-preA) were obtained for every subject. Conventional echocardiographic parameters, except for isovolumetric relaxation time and transmitral deceleration time, did not differ in two groups. RT3DE demonstrated higher LAV-max, LAV-min, LAV-preA, indexed LAV-max (LAVi-max), LA total emptying volume, and LA active emptying volume and fraction for CSFP patients compared with controls (all P
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