Experience, Reality, and Scientific Explanation Essays in Honor of M

The papers collected here comprise the proceedings of a Workshop in honor ofMerrilee and Wes Salmon, held in Florence on May 17-18, 1996. The aim of the meeting was to pay homage to these two American scholars, whose contact with Italian and European Univ

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THE WESTERN ONTARIO SERIES IN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE A SERIES OF BOOKS IN PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE, METHODOLOGY, EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, HISTORY OF SCIENCE, AND RELATED FIELDS

Managing Editor WILLIAM DEMOPOULOS

Department 0/ Philosophy, University o/Western Ontario, Canada Managing Editor 1980-1997 ROBERT E. BUTTS

Late, Department 0/ Philosophy, University o/Western Ontario, Canada

Editorial Board JOHN L. BELL,

University o/Western Ontario

JEFFREY BUB,

University 0/ Maryland

ROBERT CLIFTON,

University 0/ Pittsburgh

University o/Western Ontario

ROBERT DiSALLE,

MICHAEL FRIEDMAN, WILLIAM HARPER,

Indiana University

University o/Western Ontario

CLIFFORD A. HOOKER,

University o/Newcastle

KEITH HUMPHREY,

University o/Western Ontario

AUSONIO MARRAS,

University o/Western Ontario

JURGEN MITTELSTRASS, JOHN M. NICHOLAS,

Universitiit Konstanz

University o/Western Ontario

ITAMAR PITOWSKY, GRAHAM SOLOMON,

Hebrew University

Wilfrid Laurier University

VOLUME 61

EXPERIENCE, REALITY, AND SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION Essays in Honor of Merrilee and Wesley Salmon Edited by

MARIA CARLA GALA VOTII University a/Trieste, Trieste, Italy

and

ALESSANDRO PAGNINI University 0/ Florence, Firenze, Italy

Springer·Science+Business Media, B.Y.

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

Printed on acid-free paper

ISBN 978-90-481-5145-5 ISBN 978-94-015-9191-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-9191-1 All Rights Reserved © 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1999 Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1999. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This volume is the result of a meeting organized by the Florence Center for History and Philosophy of Science

Scientific Board MARIA LUISA DALLA CHIARA (President)

L. AMADUCCI, T. ARECCHI, P. BARILE, G. BECATTINI, S. CALIFANO, E. CASARI, R. CONTI, F. DESsi FULGHERI, A. FONNESU, P. GALLUZZI, E. GIUSTI, M. MUGNAI, E. PANCONESI, P. PARRINI, M. PIATTELLI PALMARINI, S. POGGI, M. POLSINELLI, R. PRATESI, P. ROGGI, P. ROSSI, G. TORALDO DI FRANCIA, D. TORRE Director A. PAGNINI Scientific Secretary P. MINARI

TABLE OF CONTENTS

MARIA CARLA GALAVOTTI and ALESSANDRO PAGNINI I Foreword

IX

ROBERT E. BUTTS I The Reception of German Scientific Philosophy in North America: 1930-1962

1

PAOLO PARRINI I Immanenzgedanken and Knowledge as Unification. Scientific Philosophy and Philosophy of Science

15

MARIA CARLA GALAVOTTI I Wesley Salmon on Explanation, Probability and Rationality

39

ROBERTO FESTA I Bayesian Confirmation

55

CRISTINA BICCHIERI and YOSHIT AKA FUKUI I The Great Illusion: Ignorance, Informational Cascades, and the Persistence of Unpopular Norms

89

ALESSANDRO PAGNINI I On Hume's Experimental Atheism

123

MARTIN CAR