Extracellular Enzymatic Activities of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Tunisian Biotopes: Decolorization and Detoxificati
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Extracellular Enzymatic Activities of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Tunisian Biotopes: Decolorization and Detoxification of Indigo Carmine Sonia Ben Younes1,2 · Chadia Dallali1 · Ali Ellafi1 · Lamjed Bouslama3 · Anwar Feriani4 · Sami Sayadi5 Received: 2 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Eleven bacterial strains, isolated from various Tunisian biotopes, were characterized for their lignin degradation activities and were screened for Indigo Carmine (IC) decolorization for the first time. Results revealed that these isolated strains were able to decolorize IC. Based on this property, the newly isolates crude filtrates (NICF) showed that eight ones prove the effectiveness for IC degradation (100 mg). More than 80% of IC could be decolorized within 12 h under non-optimised conditions. The UV–Visible absorption spectra and FT-IR analysis of the degradation products showed an IC decolorization and/or transformation, proving the enzyme’s role in dye decolorization. Furthermore, the phytotoxicity and the cytotoxicity using Vero and erythrocyte cells were performed to evaluate the acute toxicity of the treated and untreated dye. The results showed that some NICF can decrease and sometimes detoxify IC. In fact, NICF decolorize the toxic IC into non-toxic products. These NICF, acting as powerful tools, could be effectively used to decolorize and to bioremediate rich-dye-textile effluents and found worthy of investigation for potential applications in restoration work and other biotechnological uses.
* Sonia Ben Younes [email protected] * Sami Sayadi [email protected] 1
Faculté Des Sciences de Gafsa, Université de Gafsa, Campus Universitaire Sidi Ahmed Zarroug, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
2
Laboratoire Des Bioprocédés Environnementaux, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Route de Sidi Mansour Km 6, BP “1177”, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
3
Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, LR15 CBBC03 Bioactive Substances, University of Tunis El Manar, 2050 Tunis, Tunisia
4
Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112 Gafsa, Tunisia
5
Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, 2713 Doha, Qatar
13
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S. Ben Younes et al.
Decoloriza on study
Bacterial decoloriza on
Cytotoxicity
Indigo Carmine
Toxicity assessment
Phytotoxicity
Graphic Abstract
Spectral analysis Keywords Bacterial strains · Screening · Indigo Carmine · Crude filtrates · Decolorization · Detoxification
1 Introduction The dyes recalcitrance is due to their stability towards light, temperature and their microbial attack resistance. The dyes classification into azo, anthraquinone, nitro, triphenylmethane, sulfur, indigoid, phthalocyanine dyes, etc.… is attributed to the presence of different chromophoric groups showing their structural diversity [1]. Amongst these dyes, indigoid is one of the oldest tints and still employed extensively
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