Fabrication of MoS 2 -deposited TiO 2 hollow microspheres and their enhanced photocatalytic application in the generatio
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Fabrication of MoS2‑deposited TiO2 hollow microspheres and their enhanced photocatalytic application in the generation of hydrogen Sajan Ponnappa Chimmikuttanda1 · Maxwell Selase Akple2 · Amol Naik1 · Ravi Hethegowdanahally Rajegowda3 Received: 11 July 2020 / Accepted: 12 October 2020 / Published online: 29 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Abstract MoS2-deposited TiO2 hollow spheres were synthesized successfully under mild temperature and autogenous pressure. The hydrothermal technique was adopted for the synthesis of the T iO2 hollow microsphere, followed by a photodeposition technique for the deposition of MoS2. The physical and chemical nature of the samples was characterized using X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy, XPS and UV–vis spectroscopy. In an aqueous medium under the influence of light, the characterized samples were used in the production of hydrogen via photocatalysis. The increase in the formation of hydrogen content during photocatalysis confirms the successful generation and the benefits of the photogenerated carriers. With an increase in the MoS2 content, there is an incredible change in the photocatalytic performance. The resultant is due to the free moment of the holes and electrons and lessening in charge recombination centres formed as a result of the nano-heterojunction linking between M oS2 and TiO2. A more significant photocatalytic production of hydrogen was achieved using 50 MST sample i.e. 106 μmol−1 g−1 beyond which it tends to decrease with an increase in MoS2 content. Graphic abstract
Keywords Photocatalytic · Hollow sphere · Hydrothermal · Hydrogen Extended author information available on the last page of the article
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Introduction Generally, resources can be considered as those materials/products that satisfy or meet human requirements. The boom in technology and industrialization has led to the overutilization of economically important energy resources such as fossil fuel and petroleum which are nonrenewable. The overexploitation of these energy resources ultimately results in an energy crisis affecting the economic development of a nation. Depletion of the natural resources leads to the deterioration of the environment, causing global warming, greenhouse effects, acid rain and health hazards [1, 2]. For the sustenance of life and to maintain a healthy environment, natural resources have to be conserved. Conservation of these resources by finding a suitable alternative is in practice. Efforts are being made on the utilization of renewable resources such as solar, wind and water current. Meanwhile, material scientists and environmentalists are paying attention to recycling and to reusing unwanted/waste materials as an alternative source of energy. The development of the materials that can convert waste material or recyclable material into a useful form of energy is a challenging field. Attempts have been made for the tr
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