Feeding Occupied France during World War I Herbert Hoover and the Bl

This book examines the history of Herbert Hoover’s Commission for Relief in Belgium, which supplied humanitarian aid to the millions of civilians trapped behind German lines in Belgium and Northern France during World War I. Here, Clotilde Druelle focuses

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Map of the Invaded French Territories

The invaded French territories and the logistics of supplies Map shows major cities and towns in 7850 sq. miles of occupied Northern France. German Army Zones (Zones des Armées allemandes) are delineated as are relief routes by waterway (Cours d’eau) and rail (Chemin de fer). Redrawn by Druelle and Cerbelaud after an original in Collinet, Paul, and Stahl, Paul, Le ravitaillement de la France occupée, Paris, Publications de la Dotation Carnegie pour la Paix internationale, Paris-PUF—New Haven, Yale University Press, 1928

Clotilde Druelle

Feeding Occupied France during World War I Herbert Hoover and the Blockade

Clotilde Druelle Department of History University of Limoges Limoges, France

ISBN 978-3-030-05562-2 ISBN 978-3-030-05563-9  (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05563-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018964115 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG, part of Springer Nature 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Courtesy of Jacques Fusillier, Nord Cartophilie - France Cover design by Fatima Jamadar This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland

Preface

The End and the Beginning. The poem1 by Wislawa Szymborska (1923– 2012) about wars and their aftermaths, captures the essence of the spirit that inspired my exploration of the past and from what the present book is derived. The End: this volume is an abridged version of original research: part of the Habilitation à diriger des recherches that I was granted in 2016 by the University of Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. The accreditation, delivered many years after the completion of a Ph.D. degree, is t