Formation of Phantom Limbs Following Ischemic Nerve Block
The brain needs body image to plan movement. We use ischemic anesthesia of a limb to study the mechanisms of changes in body image (Sects. 2.1, 2.3, and 2.5). First, if the fingers, wrist, elbow, knee, and ankle are extended before and during anesthesia,
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Nobuyuki Inui
Systematic Changes in Body Image Following Formation of Phantom Limbs 123
SpringerBriefs in Biology
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/10121
Nobuyuki Inui
Systematic Changes in Body Image Following Formation of Phantom Limbs
123
Nobuyuki Inui Laboratory of Human Motor Control Naruto University of Education Naruto-shi, Tokushima Japan
ISSN 2192-2179 ISSN 2192-2187 (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Biology ISBN 978-981-10-1459-8 ISBN 978-981-10-1460-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1460-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016943184 © The Author(s) 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Science+Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd.
Preface
About 10 years ago, I read the book Touch, written in Japanese by Dr. Yoshiaki Iwamura, who had found that receptive fields of neurons in somatic sensory cortices in monkeys are represented hierarchically. As reports of an interesting relationship between kinesthesia and body image, works of Drs. D.I. McCloskey and Simon C. Gandevia were cited in the book. I was inspired by these studies on body image. In particular, I was interested in Prof. Gandevia’s work on the relationship between body image and kinesthesia. After I read their papers and reviews of kinesthesia, I went to the Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute (Neuroscience Research Australia at present) in Sydney in 2007. In the laboratory of Prof. Gandevia, I conducted experiments shown in Sects. (2.1), (2.2), and (2.6) of Chap. 2 with Drs. Lee Walsh and Janet Taylor. After coming back from Sydney, I extended a series of experiments shown in Sects. (2.3), (2.4), and (2.5) of Chap. 2 and in Chaps. 3 and 4 in my laboratory with a graduate student, Junya Masumoto (Ph.D. at present). Perception of the body consists of information from multiple sensory modalities, and the perception forms a body im
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